Darius I, Bisotun (DB1.)
DB1.Darius I, Bisotun (DB1.) is a published Old Persian inscription record in the authorized TITUS corpus snapshot. The siglum DB1. identifies this exact text record.
Machine-generated and unreviewedVerified catalog identification
Identifiers and diplomatic text layers are retained from the authorized corpus snapshot.
Machine-generated and unreviewed- Ruler
- Darius I Machine-generated and unreviewed
- Place
- Bisotun Machine-generated and unreviewed
- Date / period
- Achaemenid period, 522–486 BCE Machine-generated and unreviewed
- Lines
- 96
Full inscription reading
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Published lines
96 lines
Line 1 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡[𐎹 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹]𐎰𐎡𐎹/𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶
: a-d-m : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : v-z-r-k : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-[y : x-š-a-y]-ϑ-i-y-/a-n-a-m
Machine-generated and unreviewedI · Darius · king · great · king · king
Audio reading of line 1
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 2 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 [𐏐] 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐏃[𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐] 𐎻𐏁𐎫/𐎠𐎿𐎱𐏃𐎹𐎠
: x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y [:] p-a-r-s-i-y : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : d-h-[y-u-n-a-m :] vi-š-t-/a-s-p-h-y-a
Machine-generated and unreviewedking · Persia · king · land · Hystaspes, father of Darius I
Audio reading of line 2
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 3 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠𐎶𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎴𐎱𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁[𐎡𐎹 !! 𐏐 𐎰]𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐
: p-u-ç : a-r-š-a-m-h-y-a : n-p-a : h-x-a-m-n-i-š-[i-y !! : ϑ]-a-t-i-y :
Machine-generated and unreviewedson · Arsames, Darius I's grandfather · grandson · Achaemenid · say
Audio reading of line 3
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 4 Editorial restoration𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎡𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎻𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱 𐏐 𐎻𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱[𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎡𐎫]𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐏁/𐎠𐎶
d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : m-n-a : p-i-t-a : vi-š-t-a-s-p : vi-š-t-a-s-p-[h-y-a : p-i-t]-a : a-r-š-/a-m
Machine-generated and unreviewedDarius · king · me, mine · father · Hystaspes, father of Darius I · Hystaspes, father of Darius I · father · Arsames, Darius I's grandfather
Audio reading of line 4
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 5 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠𐎶𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎡𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎼𐎶𐎴 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎼𐎶𐎴𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎡𐎫[𐎠 𐏐 𐎨𐎡𐏁𐎱𐎡𐏁] 𐏐 𐎨𐎡𐏁𐎱/𐎠𐎡𐏁
: a-r-š-a-m-h-y-a : p-i-t-a : a-r-i-y-a-r-m-n : a-r-i-y-a-r-m-n-h-y-a : p-i-t-[a : c-i-š-p-i-š] : c-i-š-p-/a-i-š
Machine-generated and unreviewedArsames, Darius I's grandfather · father · Ariaramnes, king of Persia · Ariaramnes, king of Persia · father · Teispes, great-grandfather of Cyrus II · Teispes, great-grandfather of Cyrus II
Audio reading of line 5
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 6 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎱𐎡𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹[𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺]𐏃𐎹𐎼𐎠/𐎮𐎡𐎹
: p-i-t-a : h-x-a-m-n-i-š !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-[ϑ-i-y : a-v]-h-y-r-a-/di-i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedfather · Achaemenes, eponymous founder of the Achaemenid dynasty · say · Darius · king · that one
Audio reading of line 6
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 7 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎺𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎰𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎶𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎨𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎽𐎢𐎻[𐎡𐎹𐎫 𐏐] 𐎠𐎶𐎠𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎶/𐏃𐎹
: v-y-m : h-x-a-m-n-i-š-i-y-a : ϑ-h-y-a-m-h-y : h-c-a : p-ru-u-vi-[i-y-t :] a-m-a-t-a : a-m-/h-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedwe · Achaemenid · speak · from · time-honored · noble · be
Audio reading of line 7
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 8 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐏃𐎨𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎽𐎢𐎻𐎡𐎹𐎫 𐏐 𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎶𐎠𐎧𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎢𐎶𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹[𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠]𐏃 !! 𐏐 𐎰/𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹
: h-c-a : p-ru-u-vi-i-y-t : h-y-a : a-m-a-x-m : t-u-m-a : x-š-a-y-[ϑ-i-y-a : a]-h !! : ϑ-/a-t-i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedfrom · time-honored · who · us · strength · king · be · say
Audio reading of line 8
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 9 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏒𐏒𐏒𐏒 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎢𐎶𐎠𐎹[𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎡]𐎹 𐏐 [𐎱]𐎽𐎢𐎺𐎶
: d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : 2-2-2-2 : m-n-a : t-u-m-a-y-[a : t-y-i]-y : [p]-ru-u-v-m
Machine-generated and unreviewedDarius · king · [2-2-2-2] · me, mine · family · who · earlier
Audio reading of line 9
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 10 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎴𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐏒𐏒𐏒𐏒𐏑 𐏐 𐎯𐎢𐎻𐎡𐎫𐎠𐎱𐎼𐎴𐎶 [𐏐 𐎺𐎹𐎶 𐏐] 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡/𐎹𐎠
: x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y-a : a-h : a-d-m : n-v-m : 2-2-2-2-1 : du-u-vi-i-t-a-p-r-n-m [: v-y-m :] x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-/y-a
Machine-generated and unreviewedking · be · I · ninth · [2-2-2-2-1] · again · we · king
Audio reading of line 10
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 11 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎠𐎶𐏃𐎹 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎺[𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐] 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭/𐎠𐏃
: a-m-h-y !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : v-[š-n-a :] a-u-r-m-z-d-/a-h
Machine-generated and unreviewedbe · say · Darius · king · will · Ahuramazdā
Audio reading of line 11
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 12 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 [𐏐 𐎳𐎼]𐎠𐎲𐎼 !! 𐏐 𐎰/𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹
: a-d-m : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-mi-i-y : a-u-r-m-z-d-a : x-š-ç-m : m-n-a [: f-r]-a-b-r !! : ϑ-/a-t-i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedI · king · be · Ahuramazdā · empire · me, mine · grant · say
Audio reading of line 12
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 13 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎠 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 [𐏐 𐎱𐎫]𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴/𐎠
: d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : i-m-a : d-h-y-a-v : t-y-a : m-n-a [: p-t]-i-y-a-i-š : v-š-n-/a
Machine-generated and unreviewedDarius · king · this (here) · land · who · me, mine · receive a share, be due sth. · will
Audio reading of line 13
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 14 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐏃 𐏐 [𐎠]𐎭𐎶𐏁𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 𐏐 𐎢𐎺𐎩 [𐏐 𐎲]𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎽𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎠/𐎰𐎢𐎼𐎠
: a-u-r-m-z-d-a-h : [a]-d-m-š-a-m : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-h-m : p-a-r-s : u-v-j [: b]-a-b-i-ru-u-š : a-/ϑ-u-r-a
Machine-generated and unreviewedAhuramazdā · I · king · be · Persia; Persian · Elam · Babylonia · Assyria
Audio reading of line 14
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 15 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎲𐎠𐎹 [𐏐] 𐎸𐎢𐎭𐎼𐎠𐎹 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎼𐎹𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎿𐎱𐎼𐎭 𐏐 𐎹𐎢𐎴 [𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭] 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴 𐏐 𐎣𐎫/𐎱𐎬𐎢𐎣
: a-r-b-a-y [:] mu-u-d-r-a-y : t-y-i-y : d-r-y-h-y-a : s-p-r-d : y-u-n [: m-a-d] : a-r-mi-i-n : k-t-/p-tu-u-k
Machine-generated and unreviewedArabia · Egypt · who · sea · Lydia · Ionian · Mede · Armenia · Cappadocia
Audio reading of line 15
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 16 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎰𐎺 𐏐 𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐏃𐎼𐎡𐎺 𐏐 𐎢𐎺𐎠𐎼𐏀𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎲𐎠𐎧𐎫𐎼𐎡𐏁 𐏐 [𐎿𐎢𐎦]𐎢𐎭 𐏐 𐎥𐎭𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐎿/𐎣
: p-r-ϑ-v : z-r-k : h-r-i-v : u-v-a-r-z-mi-i-y : b-a-x-t-r-i-š : [s-u-gu]-u-d : g-d-a-r : s-/k
Machine-generated and unreviewedParthia · Drangiana · Ariana · Chorasmian · Bactria · Sogdiana · Gandhara · Scythia
Audio reading of line 16
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 17 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎰𐎫𐎦𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐏃[𐎼]𐎢𐎺𐎫𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎶𐎣 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐏃𐎼𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐏔𐏒𐏑 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼/𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁
: ϑ-t-gu-u-š : h-[r]-u-v-t-i-š : m-k : f-r-h-r-v-m : d-h-y-a-v : 20-2-1 !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-/y-v-u-š
Machine-generated and unreviewedSattagydia · Arachosia · Maka · altogether · land · [20-2-1 !!] · say · Darius
Audio reading of line 17
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 18 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎠 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡[𐎹𐎠𐎡𐏁] 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎢/𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐏃
: x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : i-m-a : d-h-y-a-v : t-y-a : m-n-a : p-t-i-[y-a-i-š] : v-š-n-a : a-u-/r-m-z-d-a-h
Machine-generated and unreviewedking · this (here) · land · who · me, mine · receive a share, be due sth. · will · Ahuramazdā
Audio reading of line 18
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 19 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎶[𐎴]𐎠 𐏐 𐎲𐎭𐎣𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎲𐎠𐎪𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎼𐎫𐎠 [𐏐 𐎫𐎹]𐏁𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎨𐎠𐎶
: m-[n]-a : b-d-k-a : a-h-t-a : m-n-a : b-a-ji-i-m : a-b-r-t-a [: t-y]-š-a-m : h-c-a-m
Machine-generated and unreviewedme, mine · vassal · be · me, mine · tribute · carry · who · from
Audio reading of line 19
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 20 𐏐 𐎠𐎰𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎱𐎺𐎠 𐏐 𐎼𐎢𐎨𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎺𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎹𐎫𐎠 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺/𐎢𐏁
: a-ϑ-h-y : x-š-p-v-a : r-u-c-p-t-i-v-a : a-v : a-ku-u-n-v-y-t-a !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-/u-š
Machine-generated and unreviewedspeak · night · day · that one · do · say · Darius
Audio reading of line 20
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 21 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎫𐎼 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎠 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎥𐎼𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎢/𐎲𐎼𐎫𐎶
: x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-t-r : i-m-a : d-h-y-a-v : m-r-t-i-y : h-y : a-g-r-i-y : a-h : a-v-m : u-/b-r-t-m
Machine-generated and unreviewedking · in · this (here) · land · man · who · loyal · be · that one · well-treated
Audio reading of line 21
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 22 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎼𐎶 (𐏐) 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎡𐎣 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎢𐎳𐎼𐎿𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎱𐎼𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴[𐎠] 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠/𐏃
: a-b-r-m (:) h-y : a-r-i-k : a-h : a-v-m : u-f-r-s-t-m : a-p-r-s-m : v-š-n-[a] : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-/h
Machine-generated and unreviewedcarry · who · faithless · be · that one · heavily punished · ask · will · Ahuramazdā
Audio reading of line 22
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 23 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎠 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎱𐎼𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎹 𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠𐏁𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎨𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎰𐏃/𐎹
: i-m-a : d-h-y-a-v : t-y-n-a : m-n-a : d-a-t-a : a-p-r-i-y-a-y : y-ϑ-a-š-a-m : h-c-a-m : a-ϑ-h-/y
Machine-generated and unreviewedthis (here) · land · who · me, mine · law · obey a law · as · from · speak
Audio reading of line 23
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
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This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
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Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 24 Editorial restoration𐏐 [𐎠]𐎺𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎹𐎫𐎠 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠/𐎶[𐎡𐎹
: [a]-v-ϑ-a : a-ku-u-n-v-y-t-a !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-/m-[i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedso · do · say · Darius · king · Ahuramazdā
Audio reading of line 24
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 25 𐏐] 𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎲𐎼 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐎶𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐎱𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎼 𐏐 𐎹𐎠𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 𐏐
:] i-m : x-š-ç-m : f-r-a-b-r : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-m-i-y : u-p-s-t-a-m : a-b-r : y-a-t-a : i-m : x-š-ç-m :
Machine-generated and unreviewedthis (here) · empire · grant · Ahuramazdā · support · carry · while · this (here) · empire
Audio reading of line 25
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 26 Editorial restoration𐏃[𐎶]𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎡[𐎹] 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠/𐎫𐎡𐎹
h-[m]-d-a-r-y-i-[y] : v-š-n-a : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-h : i-m : x-š-ç-m : d-a-r-y-a-mi-i-y !! : ϑ-a-/t-i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedkeep together · will · Ahuramazdā · this (here) · empire · hold · say
Audio reading of line 26
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 27 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁/𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹
: d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : i-m : t-y : m-n-a : k-r-t-m : p-s-a-v : y-ϑ-a : x-š-/a-y-ϑ-i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedDarius · king · this (here) · so that · me, mine · do · after · as · king
Audio reading of line 27
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 28 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎲𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎤𐎢𐎼𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐎠𐎶𐎠𐎧𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎢𐎶𐎠𐎹/𐎠
: a-b-v-m : k-b-u-ji-i-y : n-a-m : ku-u-r-u-š : p-u-ç : a-m-a-x-m : t-u-m-a-y-/a
Machine-generated and unreviewedbe, become · Cambyses II, king of Persia · name · Cyrus II, king of Persia · son · us · family
Audio reading of line 28
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 29 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐏃[𐎢𐎺] 𐏐 (𐎱𐎽)𐎢𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎡𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎲𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎲𐎼𐎠/𐎫[𐎠
: h-[u-v] : (p-ru)-u-v-m : i-d-a : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-h : a-v-h-y-a : k-b-u-ji-i-y-h-y-a : b-r-a-/t-[a
Machine-generated and unreviewedthat one · earlier · here · king · be · that one · Cambyses II, king of Persia · brother
Audio reading of line 29
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 30 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎲𐎼𐎮𐎡]𐎹 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎠𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎱𐎡𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎲𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎣/𐎲[𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹
: b-r-di-i]-y : n-a-m : a-h : h-m-a-t-a : h-m-p-i-t-a : k-b-u-ji-i-y-h-y-a : p-s-a-v : k-/b-[u-ji-i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedyounger brother of Cambyses II · name · be · having the same mother · having the same father · Cambyses II, king of Persia · after · Cambyses II, king of Persia
Audio reading of line 30
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 31 Editorial restoration𐏐] 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎲𐎼𐎮𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎠𐎩 𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎲𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎲𐎼𐎮𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎠𐎩 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐏃𐎹/[𐎠
:] a-v-m : b-r-di-i-y-m : a-v-a-j : y-ϑ-a : k-b-u-ji-i-y : b-r-di-i-y-m : a-v-a-j : k-a-r-h-y-/[a
Machine-generated and unreviewedthat one · younger brother of Cambyses II · kill · as · Cambyses II, king of Persia · younger brother of Cambyses II · kill · people
Audio reading of line 31
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 32 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐] 𐎠𐏀𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎲𐎼𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎩𐎫 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎣𐎲𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎸𐎢𐎭𐎼𐎠𐎹𐎶
: n-i-y :] a-z-d-a : a-b-v : t-y : b-r-di-i-y : a-v-j-t : p-s-a-v : k-b-u-ji-i-y : mu-u-d-r-a-y-m
Machine-generated and unreviewednot · known · be, become · so that · younger brother of Cambyses II · kill · after · Cambyses II, king of Persia · Egypt
Audio reading of line 32
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 33 Editorial restoration[ 𐏐 𐎠𐏁𐎡𐎹]𐎺 𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎲𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎸𐎢𐎭𐎼𐎠𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎺 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎡𐎣 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺
[ : a-š-i-y]-v : y-ϑ-a : k-b-u-ji-i-y : mu-u-d-r-a-y-m : a-š-i-y-v : p-s-a-v : k-a-r : a-r-i-k : a-b-v
Machine-generated and unreviewedmove · as · Cambyses II, king of Persia · Egypt · move · after · people · faithless · be, become · be, become
Audio reading of line 33
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 34 Editorial restoration[𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠] 𐏐 𐎭𐎼𐎢𐎥 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎢𐎺𐎠 𐏐 𐎺𐎿𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐎫/[𐎠
[: u-t-a] : d-r-u-g : d-h-y-u-v-a : v-s-i-y : a-b-v : u-t-a : p-a-r-s-i-y : u-t-a : m-a-d-i-y : u-t-/[a
Machine-generated and unreviewedand · falsehood · land · very · be, become · and · Persia · and · Media · and · and
Audio reading of line 34
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 35 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎠]𐎴𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎢𐎺𐎠 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎢𐏁𐎢𐎺𐎠 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱/[𐎿𐎠𐎺]
: a]-n-i-y-a-u-v-a : d-h-y-u-š-u-v-a !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : p-/[s-a-v]
Machine-generated and unreviewedother · land · say · Darius · king · after
Audio reading of line 35
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 36 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐏑 𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎦𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎥𐎢𐎶𐎠𐎫 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎢𐎭𐎱𐎫𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎨𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎡𐏁𐎡/[𐎹𐎠]𐎢𐎺𐎠𐎭𐎠𐎹𐎠
: 1 m-r-t-i-y : m-gu-u-š : a-h : g-u-m-a-t : n-a-m : h-u-v : u-d-p-t-t-a : h-c-a : p-i-š-i-/[y-a]-u-v-a-d-a-y-a
Machine-generated and unreviewedman · man · Magian/Magus · be · magus, pretender to the throne · name · that one · revolt · district in Fars · district in Fars
Audio reading of line 36
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 37 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎣𐎭𐎼𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎢𐎳 𐏐 𐏃𐎨𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎭𐏁 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎹𐎧𐎴𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐏃/[𐎹]𐎠
: a-r-k-d-r-i-š : n-a-m : k-u-f : h-c-a : a-v-d-š : vi-i-y-x-n-h-y : m-a-h-/[y]-a
Machine-generated and unreviewedmountain in Fars · name · mountain · from · from there · 12th month · month
Audio reading of line 37
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 38 𐏐 𐏓𐏒𐏒 𐏐 𐎼𐎢𐎨𐎲𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎰𐎣𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎹𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐎭𐎱𐎫𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠
: 10-2-2 : r-u-c-b-i-š : ϑ-k-t-a : a-h : y-di-i-y : u-d-p-t-t-a : h-u-v : k-a-r-h-y-a : a-v-ϑ-a
Machine-generated and unreviewed[10-2-2] · day · pass · be · if · revolt · that one · people · so
Audio reading of line 38
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 39 Editorial restoration[𐏐 𐎠]𐎯𐎢𐎽𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎲𐎼𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎤𐎢𐎼𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐎣𐎲𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎲𐎼/[𐎠]𐎫𐎠
[: a]-du-u-ru-u-ji-i-y : a-d-m : b-r-di-i-y : a-mi-i-y : h-y : ku-u-r-u-š : p-u-ç : k-b-u-ji-i-y-h-y-a : b-r-/[a]-t-a
Machine-generated and unreviewedlie · I · younger brother of Cambyses II · be · who · Cyrus II, king of Persia · son · Cambyses II, king of Persia · brother · brother
Audio reading of line 39
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 40 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐏃𐎽𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐏃𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺 𐏐 𐏃𐎨𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎲𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐
: p-s-a-v : k-a-r : h-ru-u-v : h-mi-i-ç-i-y : a-b-v : h-c-a : k-b-u-ji-i-y-a : a-b-i-y : a-v-m :
Machine-generated and unreviewedafter · people · entire · [h-mi-i-ç-i-y] · be, become · from · Cambyses II, king of Persia · to · that one
Audio reading of line 40
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.