Inscription line

Artaxerxes I, unknown provenance (A1I)

A1I · 1

Parallel reading

Script, transliteration, and transcription

Old Persian cuneiform: 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐏋𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐏍𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐏋𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐏋𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎶 𐏐 𐎲𐎠𐎬𐎢𐎥𐎼 𐏐 𐎿𐎡𐎹𐎶𐎶 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫
Transliteration: a-r-t-x-š-ç-a : XŠ : v-z-r-k : XŠ : XŠ-y-a-n-a-m : XŠ : DH-y-u-n-a-m : x-š-y-a-r-š-h-y-a : XŠ-h-y-a : p-u-ç : x-š-y-a-r-š-h-y-a : d-a-r-y-v-u-š-h-y-a : XŠ-h-y-a : p-u-ç : h-x-a-m-n-i-š-i-y : h-y : i-m-m : b-a-tu-u-g-r : s-i-y-m-m : vi-i-ϑ-i-y-a : k-r-t
Transcription: Artaxšaçā : XŠ : vazraka : XŠ : XŠyanām : XŠ : DHyunām : Xšayāršahyā : XŠhyā : puça : Xšayāršahyā : Dārayavaušahyā : XŠhyā : puça : Haxāmanišiya : hya : imam : bātugara : siyamam : viϑiyā : karta
Editorial note: Source line has all recorded text layers. Machine-generated and unreviewed

Audio reading of line 1

Synthetic, approximate reading

Duration 0:55

Missing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.

Translation and meaning

Recorded English translations

Machine-generated and unreviewedMachine-generated and unreviewed

Artaxerxes II, king of Persia · king · great · king · king · king · land · Xerxes I, king of Persia · king · son · Xerxes I, king of Persia · Darius I, king of Persia · king · son · Achaemenid · who · this (here) · [b-a-tu-u-g-r] · [s-i-y-m-m] · house · do

Status: Machine-generated and unreviewed
Generator version: parsiandej-en-literal-b9b9284386e8ad0489cabc25ec9f186dad5830b53f51ff3a562dcc90dffec5f7
Confidence: Not recorded
Unresolved tokens: 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, b-a-tu-u-g-r, 𐏐, s-i-y-m-m, 𐏐, 𐏐

Machine-generated and unreviewed; this is not a human-reviewed critical translation.

Words in this line

Segmentation and word analysis

Words in line 1
Position	Inscriptional form	Lemma	Analysis
1	𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠a-r-t-x-š-ç-a	Artaxšaça-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for Ṛtaxšaçā; English gloss: Artaxerxes II, king of Persia. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
2	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
3	𐏋XŠ	xšāyaθiya-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for xšāyaθiya; English gloss: king. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
4	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
5	𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣v-z-r-k	vazṛka-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for vazṛka; English gloss: great. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
6	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
7	𐏋XŠ	xšāyaθiya-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for xšāyaθiya; English gloss: king. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
8	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
9	𐏋𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶XŠ-y-a-n-a-m	xšāyaθiya-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for xšāyaθiya; English gloss: king. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
10	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
11	𐏋XŠ	xšāyaθiya-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for xšāyaθiya; English gloss: king. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
12	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
13	𐏍𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠𐎶DH-y-u-n-a-m	dahyu-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for dahyunām; English gloss: land. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
14	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
15	𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐏃𐎹𐎠x-š-y-a-r-š-h-y-a	Xšayaṛsan	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for Xšayaṛšahyā; English gloss: Xerxes I, king of Persia. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
16	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
17	𐏋𐏃𐎹𐎠XŠ-h-y-a	xšāyaθiya-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for xšāyaθiyahyā; English gloss: king. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
18	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
19	𐎱𐎢𐏂p-u-ç	puça-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for puça; English gloss: son. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
20	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
21	𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐏃𐎹𐎠x-š-y-a-r-š-h-y-a	Xšayaṛsan	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for Xšayaṛšahyā; English gloss: Xerxes I, king of Persia. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
22	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
23	𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁𐏃𐎹𐎠d-a-r-y-v-u-š-h-y-a	Dārayava.u-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for Dārayava.ušahyā; English gloss: Darius I, king of Persia. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
24	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
25	𐏋𐏃𐎹𐎠XŠ-h-y-a	xšāyaθiya-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for xšāyaθiyahyā; English gloss: king. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
26	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
27	𐎱𐎢𐏂p-u-ç	puça-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for puça; English gloss: son. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
28	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
29	𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁𐎡𐎹h-x-a-m-n-i-š-i-y	Haxāmanišiya	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for Haxāmanišiya; English gloss: Achaemenid. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
30	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
31	𐏃𐎹h-y	haya/taya-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for haya; English gloss: who. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
32	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
33	𐎡𐎶𐎶i-m-m	i-/ima-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for imam; English gloss: this (here). · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
34	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
35	𐎲𐎠𐎬𐎢𐎥𐎼b-a-tu-u-g-r	—	No analysis recorded
36	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
37	𐎿𐎡𐎹𐎶𐎶s-i-y-m-m	—	No analysis recorded
38	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
39	𐎻𐎡𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎠vi-i-ϑ-i-y-a	viθ-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for viθiyā; English gloss: house. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
40	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
41	𐎣𐎼𐎫k-r-t	kar	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for kṛta; English gloss: do. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed

Scholarly traceability

Source and stable identifier

A1I 1

View line in source Data preparation and notation guide

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