Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎱𐎢𐎨
Attested in Old Persian

son

Lemma
puça-
Transliteration
p-u-ç
Transcription
puça

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Haman-Ava rights

Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for puça; English gloss: son.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎱 pa Phonogram
  2. 𐎢 u Phonogram
  3. 𐎨 ča Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

104 occurrences
AmH · 3100% confidence

𐏐 𐎨𐎡𐏁𐎱𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁𐏃/𐎹𐎠

: c-i-š-p-i-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y-h-y-a : p-u-ç : h-x-a-m-n-i-š-h-/y-aToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
AsH · 4100% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁𐎡𐎹

: p-u-ç : h-x-a-m-n-i-š-i-yToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 3100% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠𐎶𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎴𐎱𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁[𐎡𐎹 !! 𐏐 𐎰]𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐

: p-u-ç : a-r-š-a-m-h-y-a : n-p-a : h-x-a-m-n-i-š-[i-y !! : ϑ]-a-t-i-y :Token span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 28100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎲𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎤𐎢𐎼𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐎠𐎶𐎠𐎧𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎢𐎶𐎠𐎹/𐎠

: a-b-v-m : k-b-u-ji-i-y : n-a-m : ku-u-r-u-š : p-u-ç : a-m-a-x-m : t-u-m-a-y-/aToken span 10–10 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 53100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎤𐎢𐎼𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐎣𐏁𐎨𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎼𐏁𐎴𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎨𐎡𐏁𐎨𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎰𐎿𐎫𐎴/𐎡𐎹

: a-mi-i-y : h-y : ku-u-r-u-š : p-u-ç : k-š-c-i-y : n-i-y : a-d-r-š-n-u-š : c-i-š-c-i-y : ϑ-s-t-n-/i-yToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 78100% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎢𐎭𐎱𐎫𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎲𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎼𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎯𐎢𐎽𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎴𐎲/𐎢𐎤𐎭𐎼𐎨𐎼

: p-u-ç : h-u-v : u-d-p-t-t-a : b-a-b-i-r-u-v : k-a-r-m : a-v-ϑ-a : a-du-u-ru-u-ji-i-y : a-d-m : n-b-/u-ku-d-r-c-rToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 79100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎴𐎲𐎢𐎴𐎡𐎫𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎲𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎽𐎢𐎻𐎡𐎹

: a-mi-i-y : h-y : n-b-u-n-i-t-h-y-a : p-u-ç : p-s-a-v : k-a-r : h-y : b-a-b-i-ru-u-vi-i-yToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 9100% confidence

𐏐 𐎨𐎡𐎨𐎧𐎼𐎠𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐎤𐎢𐎥𐎴𐎣𐎠 𐏐 𐎴𐎠[𐎶 𐏐 𐎺𐎼𐎭𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎡𐎹] 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹 𐏐

: c-i-c-x-r-a-i-š : p-u-ç : ku-u-g-n-k-a : n-a-[m : v-r-d-n-m : p-a-r-s-i-y] : a-v-d-a : a-d-a-r-y :Token span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 25100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎰𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎲𐎼𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎤𐎢𐎼𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺

: a-ϑ-h : a-d-m : b-r-di-i-y : a-mi-i-y : h-y : ku-u-r-u-š : p-u-ç : p-s-a-vToken span 14–14 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 79100% confidence

𐏐 𐏃𐎾𐎮𐎡𐎫𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎢𐎭𐎱𐎫𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎲𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎼𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎯𐎢𐎲𐎠𐎾 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶𐎠 𐏐 (𐎭)𐏃𐎹𐎠/𐎢𐏁

: h-l-di-i-t-h-y : p-u-ç : h-u-v : u-d-p-t-t-a : b-a-b-i-r-u-v : du-u-b-a-l : n-a-m-a : (d)-h-y-a-/u-šToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 81100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎴𐎲𐎢𐎴𐎡𐎫𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐎲𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎽𐎢𐎻𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎨𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃/𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹

: a-mi-i-y : h-y : n-b-u-n-i-t-h-y : p-u-ç : p-s-a-v : k-a-r : b-a-b-i-ru-u-vi-i-y : h-c-a-m : h-/mi-i-ç-i-yToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB4. · 9100% confidence

𐎲𐎼𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 [𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎤𐎢]𐎼𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐏃/𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹𐎶

b-r-di-i-y : a-mi-i-y [: h-y : ku-u]-r-u-š : p-u-ç : h-u-v : p-a-r-s-m : h-/mi-i-ç-i-y-mToken span 9–9 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

AmHa (Q007129) · Q007129.3.6

Documented dictionary attestation in AmHa (Q007129), Q007129.3.6.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

AsHa (Q007130) · Q007130.4.3

Documented dictionary attestation in AsHa (Q007130), Q007130.4.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.107.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.107.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBa (Q007135) · Q007135.3.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DBa (Q007135), Q007135.3.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBb (Q007136) · Q007136.6.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DBb (Q007136), Q007136.6.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBd (Q007138) · Q007138.6.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DBd (Q007138), Q007138.6.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBh (Q007142) · Q007142.7.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DBh (Q007142), Q007142.7.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBi (Q007143) · Q007143.8.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DBi (Q007143), Q007143.8.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DEa (Q007146) · Q007146.20.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DEa (Q007146), Q007146.20.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DGa (Q007147) · Q007147.5.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DGa (Q007147), Q007147.5.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DHa (Q007148) · Q007148.2.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DHa (Q007148), Q007148.2.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DNa (Q007152) · Q007152.13.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DNa (Q007152), Q007152.13.3.View source