Inscription line

Darius I, Bisotun (DB3.)

DB3. · 36

Parallel reading

Script, transliteration, and transcription

Old Persian cuneiform: 𐏃𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎺𐎼𐎮𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎨𐎼𐎫𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎿/𐎠𐎺
Transliteration: h-d-a : k-a-r-a : p-t-i-š : a-r-t-v-r-di-i-y-m : h-m-r-n-m : c-r-t-n-i-y : p-s-/a-v
Transcription: hadā : kārā : patiš : Artavardiyam : hamaranam : cartanaiy : pasāva
Editorial note: Source line has all recorded text layers. Machine-generated and unreviewed

Audio reading of line 36

Synthetic, approximate reading

Duration 0:06

Missing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Translation and meaning

Recorded English translations

Machine-generated and unreviewedMachine-generated and unreviewed

(together) with · people · against · general of Darius I · fight · do · after

Status: Machine-generated and unreviewed
Generator version: parsiandej-en-literal-b9b9284386e8ad0489cabc25ec9f186dad5830b53f51ff3a562dcc90dffec5f7
Confidence: Not recorded
Unresolved tokens: 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐

Machine-generated and unreviewed; this is not a human-reviewed critical translation.

Words in this line

Segmentation and word analysis

Words in line 36
Position	Inscriptional form	Lemma	Analysis
1	𐏃𐎭𐎠h-d-a	hadā	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for hadā; English gloss: (together) with. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
2	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
3	𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎠k-a-r-a	kāra-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for kārā; English gloss: people. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
4	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
5	𐎱𐎫𐎡𐏁p-t-i-š	patiš	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for patiš; English gloss: against. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
6	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
7	𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎺𐎼𐎮𐎡𐎹𐎶a-r-t-v-r-di-i-y-m	Artavardiya	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for Ṛtavardiyam; English gloss: general of Darius I. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
8	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
9	𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶h-m-r-n-m	hamarana-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for hamaranam; English gloss: fight. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
10	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
11	𐎨𐎼𐎫𐎴𐎡𐎹c-r-t-n-i-y	kar	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for akunavam; English gloss: do. · Needs human review Machine-generated and unreviewed
12	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
13	𐎱𐎿/𐎠𐎺p-s-/a-v	pasāva	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for pasāva; English gloss: after. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed

Scholarly traceability

Source and stable identifier

DB3. 36

View line in source Data preparation and notation guide

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