Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎣𐎠𐎼𐏃𐎹𐎠
Attested in Old Persian

people

Lemma
kāra-
Transliteration
k-a-r-h-y-a
Transcription
kārahyā

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for kārahyā; English gloss: people.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎣 ka Phonogram
  2. 𐎠 a Phonogram
  3. 𐎼 ra Phonogram
  4. 𐏃 ha Phonogram
  5. 𐎹 ya Phonogram
  6. 𐎠 a Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

13 occurrences
DB1. · 31100% confidence

𐏐] 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎲𐎼𐎮𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎠𐎩 𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎲𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎲𐎼𐎮𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎠𐎩 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐏃𐎹/[𐎠

:] a-v-m : b-r-di-i-y-m : a-v-a-j : y-ϑ-a : k-b-u-ji-i-y : b-r-di-i-y-m : a-v-a-j : k-a-r-h-y-/[aToken span 16–16 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 38100% confidence

𐏐 𐏓𐏒𐏒 𐏐 𐎼𐎢𐎨𐎲𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎰𐎣𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎹𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐎭𐎱𐎫𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠

: 10-2-2 : r-u-c-b-i-š : ϑ-k-t-a : a-h : y-di-i-y : u-d-p-t-t-a : h-u-v : k-a-r-h-y-a : a-v-ϑ-aToken span 16–16 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 64100% confidence

𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎥𐎢𐎶𐎠𐎫 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎦𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎹𐎣 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎹𐏂𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎡/𐎨𐎼𐎡𐏁

: t-y-a : g-u-m-a-t : h-y : m-gu-u-š : vi-i-y-k : a-d-m : n-i-y-ç-a-r-y-m : k-a-r-h-y-a : a-b-i-/c-r-i-šToken span 16–16 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 75100% confidence

𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎰𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎢𐎺𐎩𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱[𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐] 𐎢𐎺/𐎪𐎡𐎹𐎠

: k-a-r-h-y-a : a-v-ϑ-a : a-ϑ-h : a-d-m : u-v-j-i-y : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-mi-i-y : p-[s-a-v :] u-v-/ji-i-y-aToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 10100% confidence

𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎢𐎭𐎱𐎫𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎢𐎺𐎩𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠[𐎺𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎰𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐] 𐎡𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎢/𐎺𐎩𐎡𐎹

h-u-v : u-d-p-t-t-a : u-v-j-i-y : k-a-r-h-y-a : a-[v-ϑ-a : a-ϑ-h : a-d-m :] i-m-n-i-š : a-mi-i-y : u-/v-j-i-yToken span 7–7 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 15100% confidence

𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎰𐏃 𐏐 [𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎰𐎼𐎡𐎫 𐏐 𐎠](𐎷)𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐎺𐎧𐏁𐎫𐎼𐏃/𐎹𐎠

: m-a-d-i-y : k-a-r-h-y-a : a-v-ϑ-a : a-ϑ-h : [a-d-m : x-š-ϑ-r-i-t : a]-(mi)-i-y : u-v-x-š-t-r-h-/y-aToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 80100% confidence

𐎠𐎲𐎺 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎰𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎿𐎥𐎼𐎫/𐎡𐎹

a-b-v : k-a-r-h-y-a : a-v-ϑ-a : a-ϑ-h : a-d-m : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-mi-i-y : a-s-g-r-t-/i-yToken span 3–3 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 24100% confidence

𐏐 𐎯𐎢𐎻𐎡𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎢𐎭𐎱𐎫𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠

: du-u-vi-i-t-i-y-m : u-d-p-t-t-a : p-a-r-s-i-y : k-a-r-h-y-a : a-v-ϑ-aToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 70100% confidence

𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎶𐎼𐎫[𐎡](𐎹) 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎶𐎰[𐎡𐏁𐎫 𐏐 𐎠]𐏃 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎺/𐏃𐎹𐏀𐎭𐎠𐎫

p-s-a-v : h-u-v : m-r-t-[i]-(y) : h-y : a-v-h-y-a : k-a-r-h-y-a : m-ϑ-[i-š-t : a]-h : t-y-m : v-/h-y-z-d-a-tToken span 11–11 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 80100% confidence

𐏐 𐏃𐎨𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎭𐏁 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 [𐎣]𐎠𐎼𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎯𐎢𐎽𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎴𐎲𐎢𐎤𐎢𐎭/𐎼𐎨𐎼

: h-c-a : a-v-d-š : h-u-v : [k]-a-r-h-y-a : a-v-ϑ-a : a-du-u-ru-u-ji-i-y : a-d-m : n-b-u-ku-u-d-/r-c-rToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB4. · 54100% confidence

𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎱𐎥𐎢𐎭𐎹 𐏐 𐎹𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐

: k-r-t-m : a-v-ϑ-a : k-a-r-h-y-a : ϑ-a-di-i-y : m-a : a-p-g-u-d-y : y-di-i-y : i-m-a-m :Token span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB4. · 55100% confidence

𐏃𐎯𐎢𐎥𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎱𐎥[𐎢]𐎭[𐎹𐎠]𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎰𐎢𐎺𐎠𐎶 𐏐

h-du-u-g-a-m : n-i-y : a-p-g-[u]-d-[y-a]-h-y : k-a-r-h-y-a : ϑ-a-h-y : a-u-r-m-z-d-a : ϑ-u-v-a-m :Token span 7–7 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.32.17

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.32.17.View source