Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎶𐎠𐎭
Attested in Old Persian

Mede

Lemma
Māda
Transliteration
m-a-d
Transcription
Māda

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for Māda; English gloss: Mede.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎶 ma Phonogram
  2. 𐎠 a Phonogram
  3. 𐎭 da Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

16 occurrences
DB1. · 15100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎲𐎠𐎹 [𐏐] 𐎸𐎢𐎭𐎼𐎠𐎹 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎼𐎹𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎿𐎱𐎼𐎭 𐏐 𐎹𐎢𐎴 [𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭] 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴 𐏐 𐎣𐎫/𐎱𐎬𐎢𐎣

: a-r-b-a-y [:] mu-u-d-r-a-y : t-y-i-y : d-r-y-h-y-a : s-p-r-d : y-u-n [: m-a-d] : a-r-mi-i-n : k-t-/p-tu-u-kToken span 14–14 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 41100% confidence

[𐎠]𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎺 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎴𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺

[a]-š-i-y-v : u-t-a : p-a-r-s : u-t-a : m-a-d : u-t-a : a-n-i-y-a : d-h-y-a-v : x-š-ç-m : h-u-vToken span 9–9 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 49100% confidence

𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎶𐎠𐎧𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎢𐎶𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐏁𐎨𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎥𐎢/𐎶𐎠𐎫𐎶

n-i-y : p-a-r-s : n-i-y : m-a-d : n-i-y : a-m-a-x-m : t-u-m-a-y-a : k-š-c-i-y : h-y : a-v-m : g-u-/m-a-t-mToken span 7–7 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 7100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 𐏐 𐎢𐎺𐎩 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭 𐏐 𐎠𐎰[𐎢𐎼𐎠 𐏐 𐎸𐎢𐎭𐎼𐎠𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎼]𐎰𐎺 𐏐 𐎶𐎼𐎦𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎰/𐎫𐎦𐎢𐏁

: a-b-v : p-a-r-s : u-v-j : m-a-d : a-ϑ-[u-r-a : mu-u-d-r-a-y : p-r]-ϑ-v : m-r-gu-u-š : ϑ-/t-gu-u-šToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 14100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏑 𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎳𐎼[𐎺𐎼𐎫𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭] 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎢𐎭𐎱𐎫𐎫/𐎠

: x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : 1 m-r-t-i-y : f-r-[v-r-t-i-š : n-a-m : m-a-d] : h-u-v : u-d-p-t-t-/aToken span 11–11 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 16100% confidence

𐏐 𐎫𐎢𐎶𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 [𐎻𐎰𐎠𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺] 𐏐 𐏃𐎨𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠/𐎲𐎺

: t-u-m-a-y-a : p-s-a-v : k-a-r : m-a-d : h-y : [vi-ϑ-a-p-t-i-y : h-u-v] : h-c-a-m : h-mi-i-ç-i-y : a-/b-vToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 18100% confidence

𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 𐏐 𐎢[𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎶]𐎠𐎭 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐎱𐎠 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠/𐏃

ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : k-a-r : p-a-r-s : u-[t-a : m]-a-d : h-y : u-p-a : m-a-m : a-/hToken span 13–13 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 82100% confidence

𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎡𐏁𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎧𐎶𐎿𐎱𐎠𐎭 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎲𐎭𐎣 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶/𐏁𐎠𐎶

: m-a-d-m : f-r-a-i-š-y-m : t-x-m-s-p-a-d : n-a-m : m-a-d : m-n-a : b-d-k : a-v-m-/š-a-mToken span 10–10 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB4. · 18100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐏑 𐎳𐎼𐎺𐎼[𐎫𐎡]𐏁 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎠𐎯𐎢𐎽𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹

: a-ku-u-n-u-š : 1 f-r-v-r-[t-i]-š : n-a-m : m-a-d : h-u-v : a-du-u-ru-u-ji-i-yToken span 9–9 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DPe · 10100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎼 𐏐 𐎢𐎺𐎩 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭 𐏐 𐎲𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎽𐎢/𐏁

: a-b-r : u-v-j : m-a-d : b-a-b-i-ru-u-/šToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DNa · 22100% confidence

𐎠𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭 𐏐 𐎢𐎺𐎩 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎰𐎺 𐏐 𐏃𐎼[𐎡]/𐎺

a-d-a-r-i-y : m-a-d : u-v-j : p-r-ϑ-v : h-r-[i]-/vToken span 3–3 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DN/Dne · 2100% confidence

𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 [𐎶𐎠𐎭]

i-y-m : [m-a-d]Token span 3–3 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.50.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.50.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DNe (Q007156) · Q007156.2.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DNe (Q007156), Q007156.2.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

A²/³Pa (Q007280) · Q007280.2.3

Documented dictionary attestation in A²/³Pa (Q007280), Q007280.2.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

A³Sa (Q007282) · Q007282.2.3

Documented dictionary attestation in A³Sa (Q007282), Q007282.2.3.View source