Inscription line

Artaxerxes II, Susa (A2Sd)

A2Sd · 3

Parallel reading

Script, transliteration, and transcription

Old Persian cuneiform: 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐏊𐎠 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎮𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎪𐎺𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎭𐎹𐎭𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐏈 𐏐 𐎠𐎴𐏃/𐎡𐎫
Transliteration: v-š-n-a : AM-h-a : i-m-a-m : h-di-i-š : t-y : ji-v-di-i-y : p-r-d-y-d-a-m : a-d-m : a-ku-u-n-v-m : AM : a-n-h-/i-t
Transcription: vašnā : AMhā : imām : hadiš : tya : jivadiy : paradayadām : adam : akunavam : AM : Anahita
Editorial note: Source line has all recorded text layers. Machine-generated and unreviewed

Audio reading of line 3

Synthetic, approximate reading

Duration 0:20

Missing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.

Translation and meaning

Recorded English translations

Machine-generated and unreviewedMachine-generated and unreviewed

will · [AM-h-a] · this (here) · palace · so that · [ji-v-di-i-y] · hunting chateau · I · do · Ahura Mazda · Iranian goddess

Status: Machine-generated and unreviewed
Generator version: parsiandej-en-literal-b9b9284386e8ad0489cabc25ec9f186dad5830b53f51ff3a562dcc90dffec5f7
Confidence: Not recorded
Unresolved tokens: 𐏐, AM-h-a, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, ji-v-di-i-y, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐

Machine-generated and unreviewed; this is not a human-reviewed critical translation.

Words in this line

Segmentation and word analysis

Words in line 3
Position	Inscriptional form	Lemma	Analysis
1	𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠v-š-n-a	vašnā-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for vašnā; English gloss: will. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
2	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
3	𐏊𐎠AM-h-a	—	No analysis recorded
4	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
5	𐎡𐎶𐎠𐎶i-m-a-m	i-/ima-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for imām; English gloss: this (here). · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
6	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
7	𐏃𐎮𐎡𐏁h-di-i-š	hadiš	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for hadiš; English gloss: palace. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
8	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
9	𐎫𐎹t-y	taya	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for taya; English gloss: so that. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
10	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
11	𐎪𐎺𐎮𐎡𐎹ji-v-di-i-y	—	No analysis recorded
12	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
13	𐎱𐎼𐎭𐎹𐎭𐎠𐎶p-r-d-y-d-a-m	paradai̯dā-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for paradai̯dām; English gloss: hunting chateau. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
14	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
15	𐎠𐎭𐎶a-d-m	adam	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for adam; English gloss: I. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
16	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
17	𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎶a-ku-u-n-v-m	kar	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for akunavam; English gloss: do. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
18	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
19	𐏈AM	Auramazdā-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for Auramazdā; English gloss: Ahura Mazda. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
20	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
21	𐎠𐎴𐏃/𐎡𐎫a-n-h-/i-t	Anāhitā	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for Anāhitā; English gloss: Iranian goddess. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed

Scholarly traceability

Source and stable identifier

A2Sd 3

View line in source Data preparation and notation guide

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TITUS Old Persian corpus

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Old Persian linguistic data sourced in part from the TITUS Old Persian Corpus, TITUS Project, Goethe University Frankfurt. Used with written permission of the TITUS Project.

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