Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎠𐎭𐎶
Attested in Old Persian

I

Lemma
adam
Transliteration
a-d-m
Transcription
adam

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Haman-Ava rights

Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for adam; English gloss: I.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎠 a Phonogram
  2. 𐎭 da Phonogram
  3. 𐎶 ma Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

198 occurrences
AmH · 5100% confidence

𐏐 𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎠/𐎷𐎡𐎹

: i-y-m : d-h-y-a-u-š : p-a-r-s-a : t-y : a-d-m : d-a-r-y-a-/mi-i-yToken span 10–10 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
AmH · 8100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎭/𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢𐏁

: a-d-m : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : i-y-m : d-/h-y-a-u-šToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
AsH · 14100% confidence

𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎬[𐎢𐎺]

a-d-m : d-a-r-y-a-mi-i-y : h-u-v : p-a-tu-[u-v]Token span 1–1 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
CMa · 1100% confidence

𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎤𐎢𐎽𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹/𐎰𐎡𐎹

a-d-m : ku-u-ru-u-š : x-š-a-y-/ϑ-i-yToken span 1–1 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 1100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡[𐎹 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹]𐎰𐎡𐎹/𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶

: a-d-m : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : v-z-r-k : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-[y : x-š-a-y]-ϑ-i-y-/a-n-a-mToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 10100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎴𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐏒𐏒𐏒𐏒𐏑 𐏐 𐎯𐎢𐎻𐎡𐎫𐎠𐎱𐎼𐎴𐎶 [𐏐 𐎺𐎹𐎶 𐏐] 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡/𐎹𐎠

: x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y-a : a-h : a-d-m : n-v-m : 2-2-2-2-1 : du-u-vi-i-t-a-p-r-n-m [: v-y-m :] x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-/y-aToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 12100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 [𐏐 𐎳𐎼]𐎠𐎲𐎼 !! 𐏐 𐎰/𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹

: a-d-m : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-mi-i-y : a-u-r-m-z-d-a : x-š-ç-m : m-n-a [: f-r]-a-b-r !! : ϑ-/a-t-i-yToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 39100% confidence

[𐏐 𐎠]𐎯𐎢𐎽𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎲𐎼𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎤𐎢𐎼𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐎣𐎲𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎲𐎼/[𐎠]𐎫𐎠

[: a]-du-u-ru-u-ji-i-y : a-d-m : b-r-di-i-y : a-mi-i-y : h-y : ku-u-r-u-š : p-u-ç : k-b-u-ji-i-y-h-y-a : b-r-/[a]-t-aToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 52100% confidence

𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎠𐎩𐎴𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎫𐎹𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎴𐎠𐎿𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎲𐎼𐎮/𐎡𐎹

: k-a-r-m : a-v-a-j-n-i-y-a : m-a-t-y-m-a-m : x-š-n-a-s-a-t-i-y : t-y : a-d-m : n-i-y : b-r-di-/i-yToken span 12–12 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 54100% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎥𐎢𐎶𐎠𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎦𐎢𐎶 𐏐 𐎹𐎠𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼/𐎶𐏀<𐎭>𐎠𐎶

: p-r-i-y : g-u-m-a-t-m : t-y-m : m-gu-u-m : y-a-t-a : a-d-m : a-r-s-m : p-s-a-v : a-d-m : a-u-r-/m-z-<d>-a-mToken span 12–12 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 54100% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎥𐎢𐎶𐎠𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎦𐎢𐎶 𐏐 𐎹𐎠𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼/𐎶𐏀<𐎭>𐎠𐎶

: p-r-i-y : g-u-m-a-t-m : t-y-m : m-gu-u-m : y-a-t-a : a-d-m : a-r-s-m : p-s-a-v : a-d-m : a-u-r-/m-z-<d>-a-mToken span 18–18 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 56100% confidence

𐎶𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐏓 𐏐 𐎼𐎢𐎨𐎲𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎰𐎣𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎶𐎴𐎡𐎲𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎡𐎲𐎡/𐏁

m-a-h-y-a : 10 : r-u-c-b-i-š : ϑ-k-t-a : a-h : a-v-ϑ-a : a-d-m : h-d-a : k-m-n-i-b-i-š : m-r-t-i-y-i-b-i-/šToken span 13–13 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

AmHa (Q007129) · Q007129.5.10

Documented dictionary attestation in AmHa (Q007129), Q007129.5.10.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

AsHa (Q007130) · Q007130.14.1

Documented dictionary attestation in AsHa (Q007130), Q007130.14.1.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

CMa (Q007131) · Q007131.1.1

Documented dictionary attestation in CMa (Q007131), Q007131.1.1.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.101.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.101.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBa (Q007135) · Q007135.1.2

Documented dictionary attestation in DBa (Q007135), Q007135.1.2.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBb (Q007136) · Q007136.4.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DBb (Q007136), Q007136.4.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBc (Q007137) · Q007137.5.4

Documented dictionary attestation in DBc (Q007137), Q007137.5.4.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBd (Q007138) · Q007138.3.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DBd (Q007138), Q007138.3.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBe (Q007139) · Q007139.5.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DBe (Q007139), Q007139.5.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBf (Q007140) · Q007140.3.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DBf (Q007140), Q007140.3.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBg (Q007141) · Q007141.5.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DBg (Q007141), Q007141.5.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBh (Q007142) · Q007142.4.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DBh (Q007142), Q007142.4.5.View source