One of the sciences in which Iran has played an important role is medical science. Medical knowledge existed in Iran before the Avesta period and the rise of Ashoka.
When Zoroaster, who is also one of the prominent doctors of ancient Iran, came into existence, this knowledge had been prevalent in Iran for centuries or thousands of years.. Avesta, which is a complete collection of the history and culture of Iranians before the appearance of Zoroaster until his time, has many references to medical knowledge and Iranian doctors.. The peak of the prosperity of medicine in Iran is from the 9th to the 14th century AD, which has been called the "golden period of Iranian medicine".. The history of medicine in Iran goes back to the pre-Islamic era, and the first medical education center in Iran was established during the Sassanid period in the third century AD in Jundi Shapur, near present-day Ahvaz..
In ancient times, there were 5 fields of medicine:
۱- Ashu is a doctor (Asho Bishzo) : which is taken from the word ashu which means clean and is equal to the knowledge of health. That is, by observing cleanliness and cleanliness, they treated the patients and prevented the occurrence of diseases..
۲- Legal practitioner (Give them) : which is taken from the word datu which means justice and justice and is equal to forensic medicine. In this field, they have dealt with special rules and orders.
۳- cardiologist (Get your card) : which is taken from the word karto which means knife and is equal to surgeon.
۴- Doctor's error (Hello there): which is derived from the word Eror which means plant and is equal to a pharmacist. This group of doctors dealt with herbal medicines and knew them and prescribed them to patients for treatment..
A doctor must be well-educated and fully skilled in his field, fully aware of the characteristics of drugs, and constantly seeking to perfect his knowledge.. listen to the patient's complaints and be a master in identifying and differentiating pains. Also, the doctor should be sweet-spoken, noble, patient, content, humble and reliable
۵- doctor's mantra (Beishzo's mantra:( which is taken from the word mantra which means holy and heavenly word and is somehow equal to psychiatrist. This group has treated patients by reading the verses of the holy book and chanting and praying.
The right to visit in ancient Iran
The doctor's salary was exactly proportional to the status of the patient, and the pious people paid the doctor only by praying and giving blessings!
The head of the family or tribe or ten or the commander of the province paid a donkey, a horse, a camel or four horses respectively as wages to the doctor.. Female patients paid the female doctor four legs as a salary.
Medical laws in ancient Iran
In Iran, there was a logical organization and doctors followed uniform laws and orders. The minister of health and treatment was named "Drostabd".. Those who collected medical statistics or researched the history of diseases were called "Atrovan". Doctors had to cover their mouths and noses with a clean cloth called "Panam" while working.. It was the responsibility of the rulers to observe the hygiene of water, soil, air and agricultural products and eliminate all the pollution that could cause disease..
A doctor must be well-educated and fully skilled in his field, fully aware of the characteristics of drugs, and constantly seeking to perfect his knowledge.. listen to the patient's complaints and be a master in identifying and differentiating pains. Also, the doctor should be sweet-spoken, noble, patient, content, humble and reliable.
The living place, clothes and food of the doctors should be good, sufficient and clean. Each of them should have a fast horse to rush to help the patient in case of danger. The doctor must have a large amount of medicine and equipment with him. The doctor's salary depended on the patient's social class, and people paid for treatment according to their ability. The right to treat the king and the royal family with a four-horse cart, army chiefs, governors and governors with a one-horse cart, merchants with a camel, farmers with a sheep, or the equivalent of common coins, and needy people were treated for free..
