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Explore Old Persian cuneiform in both directions.

Convert modern Persian or scientific transliteration into cuneiform, or read cuneiform with an English dictionary gloss and scientific transliteration. Historical results are limited to documented evidence.

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Research result

Script, transliteration, and gloss

Attested in Old Persian
This input matches more than one documented entry or inflected form; choose the intended evidence.

𐏃𐎷𐎡𐎨𐎡𐎹𐎶

hamiçiyam

treacherous

Documented dictionary evidence for hamiçiyam.

Exact dictionary entry match 49 documented occurrences in the active release Dictionary entry
Translation and review status

Dictionary entry gloss

Curated dictionary entry

treacherous

Unresolved tokens
None

Documented attestations

Sign analysis

  1. 𐏃haPhonogram
  2. 𐎷miPhonogram
  3. 𐎡iPhonogram
  4. 𐎨čaPhonogram
  5. 𐎡iPhonogram
  6. 𐎹yaPhonogram
  7. 𐎶maPhonogram
Corpus release: 2026-08-15Parser: titus-html-v2.0.0Source hash: b9b9284386e8ad0489cabc25ec9f186dad5830b53f51ff3a562dcc90dffec5f7