Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎠𐏃
Attested in Old Persian

be

Lemma
ah
Transliteration
a-h
Transcription
āha

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for āha; English gloss: be.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎠 a Phonogram
  2. 𐏃 ha Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

67 occurrences
DB1. · 8100% confidence

𐏐 𐏃𐎨𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎽𐎢𐎻𐎡𐎹𐎫 𐏐 𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎶𐎠𐎧𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎢𐎶𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹[𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠]𐏃 !! 𐏐 𐎰/𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹

: h-c-a : p-ru-u-vi-i-y-t : h-y-a : a-m-a-x-m : t-u-m-a : x-š-a-y-[ϑ-i-y-a : a]-h !! : ϑ-/a-t-i-yToken span 14–14 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 10100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎴𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐏒𐏒𐏒𐏒𐏑 𐏐 𐎯𐎢𐎻𐎡𐎫𐎠𐎱𐎼𐎴𐎶 [𐏐 𐎺𐎹𐎶 𐏐] 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡/𐎹𐎠

: x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y-a : a-h : a-d-m : n-v-m : 2-2-2-2-1 : du-u-vi-i-t-a-p-r-n-m [: v-y-m :] x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-/y-aToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 21100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎫𐎼 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎠 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎥𐎼𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎢/𐎲𐎼𐎫𐎶

: x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-t-r : i-m-a : d-h-y-a-v : m-r-t-i-y : h-y : a-g-r-i-y : a-h : a-v-m : u-/b-r-t-mToken span 16–16 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 22100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎼𐎶 (𐏐) 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎡𐎣 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎢𐎳𐎼𐎿𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎱𐎼𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴[𐎠] 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠/𐏃

: a-b-r-m (:) h-y : a-r-i-k : a-h : a-v-m : u-f-r-s-t-m : a-p-r-s-m : v-š-n-[a] : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-/hToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 29100% confidence

𐏐 𐏃[𐎢𐎺] 𐏐 (𐎱𐎽)𐎢𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎡𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎲𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎲𐎼𐎠/𐎫[𐎠

: h-[u-v] : (p-ru)-u-v-m : i-d-a : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-h : a-v-h-y-a : k-b-u-ji-i-y-h-y-a : b-r-a-/t-[aToken span 10–10 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 30100% confidence

𐏐 𐎲𐎼𐎮𐎡]𐎹 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎠𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎱𐎡𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎲𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎣/𐎲[𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹

: b-r-di-i]-y : n-a-m : a-h : h-m-a-t-a : h-m-p-i-t-a : k-b-u-ji-i-y-h-y-a : p-s-a-v : k-/b-[u-ji-i-yToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 36100% confidence

𐏐 𐏑 𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎦𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎥𐎢𐎶𐎠𐎫 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎢𐎭𐎱𐎫𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎨𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎡𐏁𐎡/[𐎹𐎠]𐎢𐎺𐎠𐎭𐎠𐎹𐎠

: 1 m-r-t-i-y : m-gu-u-š : a-h : g-u-m-a-t : n-a-m : h-u-v : u-d-p-t-t-a : h-c-a : p-i-š-i-/[y-a]-u-v-a-d-a-y-aToken span 7–7 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 38100% confidence

𐏐 𐏓𐏒𐏒 𐏐 𐎼𐎢𐎨𐎲𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎰𐎣𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎹𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐎭𐎱𐎫𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠

: 10-2-2 : r-u-c-b-i-š : ϑ-k-t-a : a-h : y-di-i-y : u-d-p-t-t-a : h-u-v : k-a-r-h-y-a : a-v-ϑ-aToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 42100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎥𐎼𐎲𐎠𐎹𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎥𐎼𐎶𐎱𐎭𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐏒𐏒𐏒𐏒𐏑 𐏐 𐎼𐎢𐎨𐎲𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎰𐎣𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁/𐏂𐎶

: a-g-r-b-a-y-t-a : g-r-m-p-d-h-y : m-a-h-y-a : 2-2-2-2-1 : r-u-c-b-i-š : ϑ-k-t-a : a-h : a-v-ϑ-a : x-š-/ç-mToken span 14–14 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 45100% confidence

𐏐 𐎣𐎲𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎡𐎫 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎨𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎽𐎢𐎻𐎡𐎹𐎫 𐏐 𐎠𐎶𐎠𐎧𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎢𐎶𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠/𐏃

: k-b-u-ji-i-y-m : a-i-t : x-š-ç-m : h-c-a : p-ru-u-vi-i-y-t : a-m-a-x-m : t-u-m-a-y-a : a-/hToken span 16–16 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 48100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐

: x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-b-v !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : n-i-y : a-h : m-r-t-i-y :Token span 14–14 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 56100% confidence

𐎶𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐏓 𐏐 𐎼𐎢𐎨𐎲𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎰𐎣𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎶𐎴𐎡𐎲𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎡𐎲𐎡/𐏁

m-a-h-y-a : 10 : r-u-c-b-i-š : ϑ-k-t-a : a-h : a-v-ϑ-a : a-d-m : h-d-a : k-m-n-i-b-i-š : m-r-t-i-y-i-b-i-/šToken span 9–9 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

AmHa (Q007129) · Q007129.9.3

Documented dictionary attestation in AmHa (Q007129), Q007129.9.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.104.9

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.104.9.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBa (Q007135) · Q007135.12.2

Documented dictionary attestation in DBa (Q007135), Q007135.12.2.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBb (Q007136) · Q007136.5.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DBb (Q007136), Q007136.5.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBc (Q007137) · Q007137.8.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DBc (Q007137), Q007137.8.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBd (Q007138) · Q007138.4.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DBd (Q007138), Q007138.4.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBe (Q007139) · Q007139.6.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DBe (Q007139), Q007139.6.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBf (Q007140) · Q007140.4.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DBf (Q007140), Q007140.4.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBg (Q007141) · Q007141.7.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DBg (Q007141), Q007141.7.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBh (Q007142) · Q007142.5.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DBh (Q007142), Q007142.5.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBi (Q007143) · Q007143.10.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DBi (Q007143), Q007143.10.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBj (Q007144) · Q007144.5.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DBj (Q007144), Q007144.5.3.View source