Inscription line

Darius I, Bisotun (DB4.)

DB4. · 26

Contains editorial restoration

Parallel reading

Script, transliteration, and transcription

Old Persian cuneiform: 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎢𐏁 [𐏐 𐏑 𐎺𐏃𐎹]𐏀𐎭𐎠𐎫 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎠/𐎯𐎢𐎽𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹
Transliteration: : a-ku-u-n-u-š [: 1 v-h-y]-z-d-a-t : n-a-m : p-a-r-s : h-u-v : a-/du-u-ru-u-ji-i-y
Transcription: : akunauš : 1 Vahyazdāta : nāma : Pārsa : hauv : adurujiya
Editorial note: Source line has all recorded text layers. Machine-generated and unreviewed

Audio reading of line 26

Synthetic, approximate reading

Duration 0:12

Missing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Translation and meaning

Recorded English translations

Machine-generated and unreviewedMachine-generated and unreviewed

do · Yutiyian rebel · Yutiyian rebel · name · Persia; Persian · that one · lie

Status: Machine-generated and unreviewed
Generator version: parsiandej-en-literal-b9b9284386e8ad0489cabc25ec9f186dad5830b53f51ff3a562dcc90dffec5f7
Confidence: Not recorded
Unresolved tokens: 𐏐, [𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐

Machine-generated and unreviewed; this is not a human-reviewed critical translation.

Words in this line

Segmentation and word analysis

Words in line 26
Position	Inscriptional form	Lemma	Analysis
1	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
2	𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎢𐏁a-ku-u-n-u-š [	kar	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for akunau̯š; English gloss: do. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
3	[𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
4	𐏑1 v-h-y]-z-d-a-t	Vahyazdāta	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for Vahyazdāta; English gloss: Yutiyian rebel. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
5	𐎺𐏃𐎹]𐏀𐎭𐎠𐎫n-a-m	Vahyazdāta	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for Vahyazdāta; English gloss: Yutiyian rebel. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
6	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
7	𐎴𐎠𐎶p-a-r-s	nāman-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for nāma; English gloss: name. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
8	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
9	𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿h-u-v	Pārsa-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for Pārsa; English gloss: Persia; Persian. · Needs human review Machine-generated and unreviewed
10	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
11	𐏃𐎢𐎺a-/du-u-ru-u-ji-i-y	hau̯/ava-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for hau̯; English gloss: that one. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
12	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
13	𐎠/𐎯𐎢𐎽𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹	drau̯g	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for adurujiya; English gloss: lie. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed

Scholarly traceability

Source and stable identifier

DB4. 26

View line in source Data preparation and notation guide

Source and permission for use

TITUS Old Persian corpus

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Old Persian linguistic data sourced in part from the TITUS Old Persian Corpus, TITUS Project, Goethe University Frankfurt. Used with written permission of the TITUS Project.

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