(Sorena) The Persian War and the Roman Defeat

According to Plutarch Sorena It was the most advanced Iranian party of its era in courage and ability. And he said in another place : "Sorena was the tallest and most handsome man of his time."

Sorna Sardar party contemporary Ashk 13th, Ard 1 (first century BC) He had the first rank after the king in terms of his race, wealth, and fame, and because of his family decency, he had the right to wear the royal belt on the day of the king's coronation.. Sorna placed Ard on the throne and captured the city of Seleucia, and he was the first to climb the wall of the said city and throw down the people who resisted with his own hands.. At that time, he was not more than 30 years old, however, he was famous for his caution and wisdom, and due to these qualities, he defeated the Roman general Crassus, first of all, the boldness and arrogance of Crassus and the despair that he had lost Sorna due to misfortunes, easily He threw him into the traps that Sorena was wide for him. Despite this, instead of giving Surna a good reward, he got jealous of her and destroyed her.

Sorena (Soren Pahlo) He is one of the great and famous generals of history during the Parthian period, who commanded the Iranian army in the first war with the Romans and made the Romans, who were victorious everywhere until then, face a severe and historic defeat for the first time..

He is from the Soren family, one of the seven famous Iranian families (During the Parthians and Sasanians) Was. Soren means strong in Pahlavi Persian language. Among other names of this family is Windefern (Gandfar) He was the governor of Sistan in the first century AD . His territory extended from India and Punjab to Sistan and Baluchistan. Some researchers identify him with Rostam Dostan, the epic hero of Iran. The mention of Rostam's name in the Parthian Pahlavi verse of the Asuric tree shows his connection with the Parthians..

Jules Caesar (Julius)Pumice stone (Pompee) and Crassus (crassus) There were three of the great Roman generals and rulers who jointly administered the vast lands that were taken over by the Roman government.. They met in Lucca on October 3, 56 BC (Luca) They decided to attack Iran.

Crassus the ruler of the eastern part of Rome at that time; That is, it was Syria and in order to expand the Roman government in Asia, he intended to attack Iran and India.

Crassus (Periodic chairman of the council) He went to Iran with an army composed of 42,000 trained Roman legions, which he commanded himself. (اشک۱۳) The Parthian king commissioned an Iranian general named Sorena to fight Crassus and repel the Roman attack. The battle between the two countries took place in 53 BC in the plains of Mianrodan and near the city of Haran or Kare.. In the Harran War, Sorna was able to destroy and capture a third of the Roman army with the help of Parthian horsemen, who were skilled shooters, with a skillful military plan.. Crassus and his son Fabius (Publius) They were killed in this war and only a small number of Romans managed to escape.

Sorena's new war method was the fight and flight method. This Iranian general is the creator of guerrilla warfare (War in the Parthian way) They know in the world. His army consisted of cavalry, archers, spearmen, swordsmen, and infantry along with camels loaded with ammunition..

Surna statue

This is how the Roman officers reported to the Roman Senate about their defeat from Iran: Sorena, the commander of the Iranian army, used new tactics and weapons in this war. Every Iranian soldier carried a small bottle of water with him and did not get thirsty like us. Water and ammunition were delivered to the infantry with muskets loaded on camels. Iranian soldiers took turns to go out of the field and rest in a special way.

Iranian riders have the ability to shoot from behind. The Iranians have invented new bows with which they were able to cut down the feet of our infantrymen, who had built a defensive wall against them with large shields to protect our riders..

Iranians had spindle-shaped harpoons that were thrown with a new device to a long distance and successively.. Their swords were not fragile. Each unit used only one type of weapon and did not weigh itself down like we do. Iranian soldiers did not give up and had to fight until their last breath. It was that we were defeated, losing seven legions completely and inflicting heavy casualties on four more..

The Harran war, which is the first war between Iran and Rome, is very important in history because the Romans suffered a major defeat for the first time after successive victories..

After Sorena's victory over Crassus and Rome's defeat from Persia, the Roman central government was deeply divided. After this war for nearly a century, the Euphrates River became the recognized border between the two countries, and the regions of Armenia, Turkey, Syria, and Iraq became provinces of Iran.. The Romans had to pay more attention to the presence of cavalry in their army in order to avoid future defeats and follow the Iranians..

Surna was the first position of the country after the Shah; He placed Erd on the throne of Sultanate and due to family decency, on the day of the coronation of the Iranian emperor, he tied the royal belt around the king's waist.. During the capture of Seleucia, he was the first person to climb over the wall of the fortress and cut down the enemies who were resisting with his own hands.. Sorena was not more than 30 years old at this time.

( Roman soldier )

Sorna and Vishka twice saved the life of Farhad IV, the king of Iran, from the assassination of the Romans. The second time cost them their lives and they were killed by Roman mercenaries. The murder of Sorna by the hand of Orad II was fabricated by biased historians such as the French Gerishman and is devoid of truth because Ord II died in isolation and loneliness two years before Sorna. . Of course, the Europeans, as always, in order to attach the label of barbarism to Iranians, blamed the death of Ard II on his son Farhad IV..