The creation of man in the mythological history of various nations(Part I)

(Part I)

1 _ The creation of man in the mythological history of China

pango After being born, the first god was fed up with the vanity of the world and made a statue of a man and a woman with mud, and Pango was the Yang element. ( the sky ) and yin ( the earth ) ؛ [Being male and female] blew into it . or ” New Wa ” A goddess with a human body and a dragon's tail created man . They say that after the creation of the world by ” Pan Go ” ، ” New Wa ” He traveled all over the world . Although there are mountains, trees, grass, birds, animals, and fish on earth, the world was still motionless. . Because he was not human.

In this ancient Chinese symbol, the black color can be interpreted as the symbol of the female element and the earth, and the white part as the symbol of the male element and the sky.. The shape of this symbol also shows the combination of these two elements in nature.
In the Chinese myth of creation, Pango (The fattest living being) It was born from the egg of yin and yang, and thus the role of the fusion of these two elements in creation can be understood..

The ancient Chinese had different and almost strange ideas.

The ancient Chinese believed that the earth is like a flat plane with the sky as a cover on it, and they considered their own country, China, to be the center of the earth, and they believed that the Khagan's palace is the central and main point of the earth, and their Khagans are also the axis and foundation of all peoples and creations. are the world. Considering that the ancient Chinese had a special respect for the sky, when they looked at the sky, they humbled themselves in front of it, and even the Chinese farmers and farmers paid a lot of attention to the sky and because they said that a lot of precipitation comes from the sky and the sun shines from The sky shines and it is with these factors that their crops grow, so they had special respect for it.

According to the traditional narratives stated in China, at the beginning of China, it was under the command of twelve Khagans, these twelve Khagans ruled this land for 18 thousand years.. After this period, in the third millennium BC, three khagans came to rule.

1 Fushi

Fushi and his successors were inventors and made inventions in their own time, so it is said that Fushi was with his queen. (his own wife) He taught people the way and customs of marriage, calligraphy, painting, fishing, silkworm breeding.

2 Shennong

Shen Nong was among those who started farming for the first time and taught agriculture to the people

3 Huang Ti

Huang Ti is considered the best and bravest ruler.

including the reports about the Chinese from Yao (yao) begins. Yao was a wise, polite and honest person, people were in complete peace during Yao's reign. Yao made politeness and wisdom flourish among the people. Yao Chun did not find a worthy and sufficient person among his children and people around him, so he surrendered to Shun. (shun) gave. Shun was a pious and pious person. Before his death, Shun gave Yu as his successor and ruler (yu) He gave, and ascended to the sky. But Yu did important things when he came to the kingdom. During his time, great floods were flowing in China, so he ordered to break 9 huge mountains and block 9 rivers with these 9 mountains, and then 9 lakes were created.. This is why the ancient Chinese believed that if it were not for Yu, they would be floating on water like fish. And of course, ancient China saw many eras and sages.

Tao rule

In the world, according to the ancient and ancient Chinese, there was a general and effective principle, which was called Tao, and the basis of people's lives was based on this principle.. In his history of Chinese civilization, Grant expresses various opinions about Tao, and sometimes compares Tao with Mana.. In Taoism, two principles are introduced separately, the first is Yang, which is male, and the second is Yin, which is female.. The difference between these two principles had an effect on the social situation of the people in the past and from the union of this male and female everything was created.. The Tao in general was the constant law of the flow of things and the prescribed method for the movements of all beings. The Chinese believed that the Tao has eternal existence in the universe and the law of Tao is an eternal law, and also according to Taoism, it is the way and method of movement of all beings in the world towards perfection, and this harmony and perfection is possible according to Tao, and humans in order to be able to To achieve perfection, they must align themselves with the Tao.

References

· History of Chinese philosophy translated by A. Pasha

· History of Chinese Civilization, Grant

· History of Religions by Jan Birnas, translated by Ali Asghar Hekmat, Scientific and Cultural Publications, 12th edition.

2 _The creation of man in the mythological history of Red-skinned people

Coyote or Coyote is a cunning godlike force (Trickster) It is in American Indian mythology

Cosmogenesis is one of the main themes of North American Indian mythology. The possibility of the initial influence of Europeans cannot be ignored. Examination of more than 300 major species reveals the presence of these seven major symbolic types: land diver; father of the world; Appearance; spider-creator; creation by drag or theft; Creation from a cosmic giant; And the creator pair . The essence of the earth diver (which is most common throughout North America) It attributes creation to an animal-like figure who dives to the bottom of a primordial ocean to retrieve mud and sand from which to build a more or less fragile cosmos.. It is usually completed by a culture warrior or trickster. The essence of the father of the world (which is basically confined to the southwest) It forms the sexual relationship of Skyfather and Earthmother, which is very common in other places. Sexual intercourse is the prelude to true creation, which usually occurs after their separation. Emergence myths (Chiefly in the Southwest, and among some Plains Indians) It shows the gradual metamorphosis of mankind and animals, etc., while they pass through successive worlds to enter the present world or the hereafter.. In the narrations of "spider" - creation, it is said that this character is the first creature that is the web that the world hangs on.. Fighting myths (Mainly in the west and northwest) It attributes creation to the actions of a trickster character who seeks to take control of the elemental agents of creation. (Sun, fire, earth, water) He "steals" or fights. A less common elemental is a creation that emerges from the repartition of a fallen giant's body parts. (This foundation exists in the northeast and northwest). The seventh type, which is widely present, is creation by the cooperation or competition of two initial factors (Pahlawan twins) attributes that they manifest in various forms as twin brothers, sisters, father-son, uncle-nephew, and the like..

Source: The book of the culture of world religions

3 The creation of man in the mythological history of South America

These can be grouped into three main plays, each of which has different features. In the first play, creation suddenly emerges from nothing through the thought and vision or intention of often superior divine beings.. These beings cease to exist after the existence of creation has begun. In the second play, which is perhaps the case in most cosmologies, creation occurs through transformations that take place in primordial beings or in a changing sequence of heroes that begins with an initial state of affairs and undergoes transformations in it along the way of creation.. In this play, you can find references of this kind: The emergence of creation through the pilgrimage and wandering of warriors; Creation through the death of a primordial being that transforms or transforms reality; Creation through the sexual union of the initial creators whose connection brings about creative transformations; And co-creation where the creators [or world creators] The demiurge, warrior of cultures, tricksters, and ancestors compete with each other or with a superior being to complete creation.. The third play marks the beginning of a new creative age with the cataclysmic destruction of the primordial world, one of the most important events in the mythical history of South America..

Countless traditions confirm the existence of other worlds that existed before the current world; Each of these worlds is imperfect and suffers catastrophic destruction by flood, fire, other natural disasters, and decay or petrification.. From this destruction, various symbols emerge that represent the wheels of salvation through which the new world is created.. At the same time that calamity destroys the chaotic, homogeneous and identical existence of the beginning beings, periodicity and multiple existence and systematic correlation between multiple systems of existence. (Animals, four pairs and main axes, colors, shapes, sounds) creates. Then the initial beings take hidden, partial or periodic forms. Speech, sound and music appear, which create the ontological difference between the original existence and this world.. Human life and individuality of multiple human experiences, including existence in historical time, complete the play. However, creation is not a closed account: Perhaps the principles of the divine system occasionally intervene in history and make it possible for the status quo to disappear in favor of a completely new order..

4 _The creation of man in the mythological history of ancient Greece

When Zeus sat on the divine bed in Olympus and the great war with Kronos and the Titans ended, Prometheus (peremethous = progressive thought) called him and said, "Make a human slave out of clay, make his body in the shape of the immortals, and I will breathe into him, teach him everything necessary to praise the immortals and build shrines, and after a short time, he will die and go to the realm of my brother Hades." fall down and come under his command . Prometheus went to a place in Greece called Panopeous near Delphi to fulfill the order of Zeus and immediately made Adam's flower with clay and shaped it. . Then Zeus gave life to earthlings and asked Prometheus to teach them the necessary things. ]( ص 133 ) The book of the creation of death in mythology [ ؛ ] The book of Greek mythology by Roger Green, translated by Aghajani (ص 37)[ that this story is similar to the Bible; it is mentioned in the journey of Genesis, part two, verse seven; Then God created Adam from the dust of the earth . Then the spirit of life breathed into Adam's nostrils and gave him life, and Adam became a living being, clay = adammah

In Greek mythology, the creation of the gods (In fact, the first generation of gods, the Titans) mixed with earth (sang. Feminine element!) with the sky (Uranus. male element) begins. A myth that undoubtedly refers to the rain falling from the sky to the earth and the fertility of the earth (In a sexual way) has it.

5 _The creation of man in the mythological history of Africa

The people of Nigeria believe that the first humans were created in the sky and were sent to the earth from there ( which is close to Islamic narrations ) The Great God was molding a man from the soil, and the One Creator was jealous of this work and hid himself among the people in order to find out the secret of the Great God, how and from where the Great God brought this mold. ( Demon-like) The creator God put the Great God into a deep sleep and when the Great God wanted, He found humans alive. .

6 _The creation of man in the mythological history of the Mongols

Various stories and legends have been written about the origin of the first Mongols. Some researchers believe that the real Mongols came from the Taiga or the forests of Siberia, which was home to fur-bearing animals such as bears, hyenas, foxes, and squirrels..

The legends about the Mongol race in the "Secret History" and set at the time of their conquest of the world tell that the Mongol race originated from a male wolf and a female deer.. David Morgan believes that the current country of Mongolia was the origin of the Mongol race .

Source :

Bayani, Shirin, Mongols and Ilkhani Government in Iran, Samt Organization, 1379.

7 – The creation of man in the mythological history of India

In Indian creation stories, the world is created by the sacrifice of a great god named Purusha to other gods. . A corner of the world is made from each part of Purusha's body . The important point is that the sky comes from Purusha's umbilical cord .. The navel represents manifestation and upward growth. In Hindu mythology, we see that a blue lotus flower grows from Vishnu's navel, in the heart of which lives Brahman, the creator god.. It is similar to this story in a picture from the Bible . A picture in which St. John was a bird with a vine growing from its navel.. Just as creation in Indian mythology is not possible without the existence of the creator god Brahman; The life of Brahman is also related to the connection of the lotus with Vishnu through the navel . Our life is connected to nature like an embryo with an invisible umbilical cord; Therefore, our relationship with existence is like the relationship of a fetus with its mother, and one can understand why it is called the mother of man in the mythology of the earth. . We are all plants that have grown from the mother's navel or the earth, and the root of this plant is in the mother's body, with the apparent cutting of the umbilical cord, separation does not happen. . This relationship is eternal and according to Buddhists, as long as a person is bound by karma( Emotions and desires of life) May he not be able to remove this bond and even after death he will return to the earth (Transmogrification).But if he cuts the chain of karma, he returns to the origin, that is, to the great silence, to the body of the cosmic mother .

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