Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎶
Attested in Old Persian

Persia

Lemma
Pārsa
Transliteration
p-a-r-s-m
Transcription
Pārsam

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

Download audio
Haman-Ava rights

Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system

This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.

Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:

info@parsiandej.ir

Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.

Inspect in converter Open converterBack to dictionary
Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for Pārsam; English gloss: Persia.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎱 pa Phonogram
  2. 𐎠 a Phonogram
  3. 𐎼 ra Phonogram
  4. 𐎿 sa Phonogram
  5. 𐎶 ma Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

11 occurrences
AsH · 8100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢𐎶 𐏐 𐎱/𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎶

: a-ku-u-n-u-š : h-u-v : d-h-y-a-u-m : p-/a-r-s-mToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 46100% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎥𐎢𐎶𐎠𐎫 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎦𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐎮𐎡𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎲𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠

: p-s-a-v : g-u-m-a-t : h-y : m-gu-u-š : a-di-i-n-a : k-b-u-ji-i-y-m : u-t-a : p-a-r-s-m : u-t-aToken span 16–16 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 81100% confidence

𐏐 𐎢𐎺𐎧𐏁𐎫𐎼[𐏃𐎹]𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎢𐎶𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐎢𐎫/𐎠

: u-v-x-š-t-r-[h-y]-a : t-u-m-a-y-a : p-s-a-v : a-d-m : k-a-r-m : p-a-r-s-m : u-t-/aToken span 12–12 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 2100% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎡𐏁𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎻𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎨𐎠 𐏐 𐎼𐎥𐎠/𐎹𐎠

: p-a-r-s-m : f-r-a-i-š-y-m : a-b-i-y : vi-š-t-a-s-p-m : h-c-a : r-g-a-/y-aToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 29100% confidence

𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿/𐎶

: d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : p-s-a-v : a-d-m : k-a-r-m : p-a-r-s-/mToken span 12–12 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 33100% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎺𐎼𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎺 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎶

: p-s-a-v : a-r-t-v-r-di-i-y : h-d-a : k-a-r-a : a-š-i-y-v : p-a-r-s-mToken span 12–12 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 34100% confidence

𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎠𐎼𐎿 𐏐 𐎼𐎧𐎠 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎺𐎼𐎭𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠/𐎺𐎭𐎠

: y-ϑ-a : p-a-r-s-m : p-r-a-r-s : r-x-a : n-a-m : v-r-d-n-m : p-a-r-s-i-y : a-/v-d-aToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB4. · 9100% confidence

𐎲𐎼𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 [𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎤𐎢]𐎼𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐏃/𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹𐎶

b-r-di-i-y : a-mi-i-y [: h-y : ku-u]-r-u-š : p-u-ç : h-u-v : p-a-r-s-m : h-/mi-i-ç-i-y-mToken span 13–13 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB4. · 28100% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐏃[𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼]𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎢𐏁 𐏑 𐎠𐎼/𐎧

: p-u-ç : h-[u-v : p-a-r]-s-m : h-mi-i-ç-i-y-m : a-ku-u-n-u-š 1 a-r-/xToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DPe · 21100% confidence

𐏐 𐎶𐎠 𐏐 [𐎫]𐎼𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎮𐎡/𐎹

: m-a : [t]-r-s-m : i-m-a-m : p-a-r-s-m : k-a-r-m : p-a-di-i-/yToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DZc · 12100% confidence

𐏐 𐎫[𐎼 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎠]𐎶 𐏐 𐎹𐎢𐎻𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼]𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰]𐎠 𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎶𐎠[𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐏃]

: t-[r : i-m-a]-m : y-u-vi-i-y-a-m : a-b-i-y : p-a-r-]s-m : a-v-ϑ]-a : y-ϑ-a : m-a-[m : k-a-m : a-h]Token span 10–10 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

AsHa (Q007130) · Q007130.8.9

Documented dictionary attestation in AsHa (Q007130), Q007130.8.9.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.47.17

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.47.17.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DZc (Q007194) · Q007194.12.11

Documented dictionary attestation in DZc (Q007194), Q007194.12.11.View source