Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎣𐎠𐎼
Attested in Old Persian

people

Lemma
kāra-
Transliteration
k-a-r
Transcription
kāra

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for kāra; English gloss: people.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎣 ka Phonogram
  2. 𐎠 a Phonogram
  3. 𐎼 ra Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

33 occurrences
DB1. · 33100% confidence

[ 𐏐 𐎠𐏁𐎡𐎹]𐎺 𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎲𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎸𐎢𐎭𐎼𐎠𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎺 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎡𐎣 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺

[ : a-š-i-y]-v : y-ϑ-a : k-b-u-ji-i-y : mu-u-d-r-a-y-m : a-š-i-y-v : p-s-a-v : k-a-r : a-r-i-k : a-b-vToken span 14–14 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 40100% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐏃𐎽𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐏃𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺 𐏐 𐏃𐎨𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎲𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐

: p-s-a-v : k-a-r : h-ru-u-v : h-mi-i-ç-i-y : a-b-v : h-c-a : k-b-u-ji-i-y-a : a-b-i-y : a-v-m :Token span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 79100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎴𐎲𐎢𐎴𐎡𐎫𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎲𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎽𐎢𐎻𐎡𐎹

: a-mi-i-y : h-y : n-b-u-n-i-t-h-y-a : p-u-ç : p-s-a-v : k-a-r : h-y : b-a-b-i-ru-u-vi-i-yToken span 12–12 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 85100% confidence

𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎴𐎮𐎡𐎫𐎲𐎡𐎼𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎡𐎥𐎼𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎡𐏁𐎫𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐

: k-a-r : h-y : n-di-i-t-b-i-r-h-y-a : t-i-g-r-a-m : a-d-a-r-y : a-v-d-a : a-i-š-t-t-a : u-t-a :Token span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 16100% confidence

𐏐 𐎫𐎢𐎶𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 [𐎻𐎰𐎠𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺] 𐏐 𐏃𐎨𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠/𐎲𐎺

: t-u-m-a-y-a : p-s-a-v : k-a-r : m-a-d : h-y : [vi-ϑ-a-p-t-i-y : h-u-v] : h-c-a-m : h-mi-i-ç-i-y : a-/b-vToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 18100% confidence

𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 𐏐 𐎢[𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎶]𐎠𐎭 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐎱𐎠 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠/𐏃

ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : k-a-r : p-a-r-s : u-[t-a : m]-a-d : h-y : u-p-a : m-a-m : a-/hToken span 7–7 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 25100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎼 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 [𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶](𐎴)𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎫/𐎹𐎶

: a-b-r : v-š-n-a : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-h : k-a-r : [h-y : m]-(n)-a : a-v-m : k-a-r-m : t-/y-mToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 27100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠𐏁𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 [𐎣𐎠]𐎼 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎱𐎭 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶/𐎠

: a-h : a-v-ϑ-a-š-a-m : h-m-r-n-m : k-r-t-m : p-s-a-v : h-u-v : [k-a]-r : h-y : m-n-a : k-p-d : n-a-m-/aToken span 14–14 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 30100% confidence

𐏐 𐎲𐎭𐎣 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎡𐏁𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠[𐏁𐎡𐎹] 𐏐 𐎠𐎰𐏃𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎡𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎣𐎠/𐎼

: b-d-k : a-v-m : a-d-m : f-r-a-i-š-y-m : a-r-mi-i-n-m : a-v-ϑ-a-[š-i-y] : a-ϑ-h-m : p-r-i-di-i-y : k-a-/rToken span 18–18 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 35100% confidence

𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎺[𐎶 𐏐 𐎣]𐎠𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐

: v-š-n-a : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-h : k-a-r : h-y : m-n-a : a-v-[m : k]-a-r-m : t-y-m : h-mi-i-ç-i-y-m :Token span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 40100% confidence

𐏐 𐎢𐎱𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎼 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼[𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠]𐏃 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠/𐎺𐎶

: u-p-s-t-a-m : a-b-r : v-š-n-a : a-u-r-[m-z-d-a]-h : k-a-r : h-y : m-n-a : a-/v-mToken span 10–10 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 46100% confidence

𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎷[𐎡]𐏂𐎡[𐎹𐎶] 𐏐 [𐎠]𐎩 𐏐 𐎺𐎿𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎡𐎥𐎼𐎨/𐎡𐏁

: k-a-r : h-y : m-n-a : a-v-m : k-a-r-m : t-y-m : h-mi-[i]-ç-i-[y-m] : [a]-j : v-s-i-y : ϑ-a-i-g-r-c-/i-šToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.34.14

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.34.14.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DPe (Q007161) · Q007161.22.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DPe (Q007161), Q007161.22.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSf (Q007172) · Q007172.29.11

Documented dictionary attestation in DSf (Q007172), Q007172.29.11.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSz (Q007187) · Q007187.8.11

Documented dictionary attestation in DSz (Q007187), Q007187.8.11.View source