Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎡𐏁𐎹𐎶
Attested in Old Persian

send

Lemma
ai̯š
Transliteration
f-r-a-i-š-y-m
Transcription
frāi̯šayam

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for frāi̯šayam; English gloss: send.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎳 fa Phonogram
  2. 𐎼 ra Phonogram
  3. 𐎠 a Phonogram
  4. 𐎡 i Phonogram
  5. 𐏁 ša Phonogram
  6. 𐎹 ya Phonogram
  7. 𐎶 ma Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

11 occurrences
DB1. · 82100% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎡𐏁𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎢𐎺𐎩𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎠𐏂[𐎡]𐎴 𐏐 𐎲𐎿𐎫 𐏐 𐎠𐎴𐎹𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠[𐎲𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎶]𐎠/𐎶

: p-s-a-v : a-d-m : f-r-a-i-š-y-m : u-v-j-m : h-u-v : a-ç-[i]-n : b-s-t : a-n-y-t-a : a-[b-i-y : m]-a-/mToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 19100% confidence

𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎣𐎶𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎡𐏁[𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎻𐎡]𐎭𐎼𐎴 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 𐏐 𐎶𐎴/𐎠

: h-u-v : k-m-n-m : a-h : p-s-a-v : a-d-m : k-a-r-m : f-r-a-i-š-[y-m : vi-i]-d-r-n : n-a-m : p-a-r-s : m-n-/aToken span 14–14 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 30100% confidence

𐏐 𐎲𐎭𐎣 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎡𐏁𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠[𐏁𐎡𐎹] 𐏐 𐎠𐎰𐏃𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎡𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎣𐎠/𐎼

: b-d-k : a-v-m : a-d-m : f-r-a-i-š-y-m : a-r-mi-i-n-m : a-v-ϑ-a-[š-i-y] : a-ϑ-h-m : p-r-i-di-i-y : k-a-/rToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 50100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎡𐏁𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠𐏁𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎰𐏃𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎡𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼 𐏐

: a-v-m : a-d-m : f-r-a-i-š-y-m : a-r-mi-i-n-m : a-v-ϑ-a-š-i-y : a-ϑ-h-m : p-r-i-di-i-y : k-a-r :Token span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 72100% confidence

𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶𐎠 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎱𐎼𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎺 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎳/𐎼𐎠𐎡𐏁𐎹𐎶

: n-a-m-a : d-h-y-a-u-š : m-a-d-i-y : a-v-p-r-a : a-š-i-y-v : p-s-a-v : a-d-m : k-a-r-m : f-/r-a-i-š-y-mToken span 18–18 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 82100% confidence

𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎡𐏁𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎧𐎶𐎿𐎱𐎠𐎭 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎲𐎭𐎣 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶/𐏁𐎠𐎶

: m-a-d-m : f-r-a-i-š-y-m : t-x-m-s-p-a-d : n-a-m : m-a-d : m-n-a : b-d-k : a-v-m-/š-a-mToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 2100% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎡𐏁𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎻𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎨𐎠 𐏐 𐎼𐎥𐎠/𐎹𐎠

: p-a-r-s-m : f-r-a-i-š-y-m : a-b-i-y : vi-š-t-a-s-p-m : h-c-a : r-g-a-/y-aToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 13100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎡𐏁𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎭𐎼𐏁𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎲𐎭𐎣 𐏐 𐎲𐎠𐎧𐎫𐎼𐎡𐎹/𐎠

: a-d-m : f-r-a-i-š-y-m : d-a-d-r-š-i-š : n-a-m : p-a-r-s : m-n-a : b-d-k : b-a-x-t-r-i-y-/aToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 30100% confidence

𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎡𐏁𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐎱𐎠 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎺𐎼𐎮/𐎡𐎹

: u-t-a : m-a-d-m : f-r-a-i-š-y-m : h-y : u-p-a : m-a-m : a-h : a-r-t-v-r-di-/i-yToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 84100% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎡𐏁𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎲𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎽𐎢𐎶 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎭𐎳𐎼[𐎴𐎠] 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎠(𐎼𐎿) 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠

: p-s-a-v : a-d-m : k-a-r-m : f-r-a-i-š-y-m : b-a-b-i-ru-u-m : vi-i-d-f-r-[n-a] : n-a-m : p-a-(r-s) : m-n-aToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB5. · 7100% confidence

𐏐 𐎣𐎠[𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎡𐏁]𐎹𐎶 𐏐 [𐏑 𐎶𐎼𐎫]𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎥𐎢𐎲𐎽𐎢𐎺 𐏐

: k-a-[r-m : f-r-a-i-š]-y-m : [1 m-r-t]-i-y : g-u-b-ru-u-v :Token span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.117.15

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.117.15.View source