Inscription line

Darius I, Bisotun (DB2.)

DB2. · 71

Parallel reading

Script, transliteration, and transcription

Old Persian cuneiform: 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎺𐎼𐎫𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐏃𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎶𐎴𐎡𐎲𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐎿𐎲𐎠𐎼𐎡𐎲𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐎸𐎢𐎰 𐏐 𐎼/𐎥𐎠
Transliteration: : p-s-a-v : h-u-v : f-r-v-r-t-i-š : h-d-a : k-m-n-i-b-i-š : a-s-b-a-r-i-b-i-š : a-mu-u-ϑ : r-/g-a
Transcription: : pasāva : hauv : Fravartiš : hadā : kamnaibiš : asabāraibiš : amuϑa : Ragā
Editorial note: Source line has all recorded text layers. Machine-generated and unreviewed

Audio reading of line 71

Synthetic, approximate reading

Duration 0:06

Missing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Translation and meaning

Recorded English translations

Machine-generated and unreviewedMachine-generated and unreviewed

after · that one · Median rebel · (together) with · little · rider · flee · district in Media, mod. Rey

Status: Machine-generated and unreviewed
Generator version: parsiandej-en-literal-b9b9284386e8ad0489cabc25ec9f186dad5830b53f51ff3a562dcc90dffec5f7
Confidence: Not recorded
Unresolved tokens: 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐, 𐏐

Machine-generated and unreviewed; this is not a human-reviewed critical translation.

Words in this line

Segmentation and word analysis

Words in line 71
Position	Inscriptional form	Lemma	Analysis
1	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
2	𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺p-s-a-v	pasāva	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for pasāva; English gloss: after. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
3	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
4	𐏃𐎢𐎺h-u-v	hau̯/ava-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for hau̯; English gloss: that one. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
5	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
6	𐎳𐎼𐎺𐎼𐎫𐎡𐏁f-r-v-r-t-i-š	Fravarti	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for Fravartai̯š; English gloss: Median rebel. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
7	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
8	𐏃𐎭𐎠h-d-a	hadā	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for hadā; English gloss: (together) with. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
9	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
10	𐎣𐎶𐎴𐎡𐎲𐎡𐏁k-m-n-i-b-i-š	kamna-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for kamnai̯biš; English gloss: little. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
11	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
12	𐎠𐎿𐎲𐎠𐎼𐎡𐎲𐎡𐏁a-s-b-a-r-i-b-i-š	asabāra-	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for asabarai̯biš; English gloss: rider. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
13	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
14	𐎠𐎸𐎢𐎰a-mu-u-ϑ	mau̯θ	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for amuθa; English gloss: flee. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed
15	𐏐	—	No analysis recorded
16	𐎼/𐎥𐎠r-/g-a	Ragā	Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for Ragā; English gloss: district in Media, mod. Rey. · Automatically linked Machine-generated and unreviewed

Scholarly traceability

Source and stable identifier

DB2. 71

View line in source Data preparation and notation guide

Source and permission for use

TITUS Old Persian corpus

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Old Persian linguistic data sourced in part from the TITUS Old Persian Corpus, TITUS Project, Goethe University Frankfurt. Used with written permission of the TITUS Project.

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