Achaemenids…!

A famous ruler :

Cyrus was the grandson of the last Median king and with the support of Median commanders he was able to take power and establish the Achaemenid dynasty.. He knew very well how to deal with different tribes and nations ، For this reason, his way of ruling was different from the way of the kings who had ruled the people of the world until that time .

With the publication of the news of the fall of the government of Mad ،The rulers of Lodia (In modern Türkiye) and Babylon (In today's Iraq) They became greedy to seize parts of the Medes' territory. The king of Ludia, who claimed to be friendly with the Medes, united with the rulers of Babylon and Egypt and other rulers of Asia Minor and tried to attack Cyrus. . After learning about this alliance, Cyrus quickly moved to Sardis, the capital of Lydia, and defeated the Lydia government and the governments of the cities of Asia Minor. By dominating these cities, which had become rich through trade, the Achaemenid government was strengthened. .

Cyrus's next target is Babylon was the capital of Chaldea government. Do not rule over Babylon at this time. Babylon was a prosperous city, vast and actually the largest city in Asia, where people of various faiths lived.. However, Nebonid did not deserve to rule over the people of Babylon and he offended them, especially his disrespect towards Marduk, the god respected by the Babylonians, offended the Babylonian priests. Cyrus had given, Cyrus was also successful in attacking Babylon . At the same time, his behavior when defeating the enemy was different from the rulers of that time . At that time, when a city fell into the hands of the enemy, people were slaughtered and especially the gods respected by them were insulted. . While refraining from doing such things, Cyrus allowed the tribes who were captured and enslaved during the attack on the previous rulers of Babylon to return to their homeland..

Cambodia conqueror of Egypt…!

After his son Cyrus ، Cambodia ، succeeded him . The important action of Cambodia was the attack on Egypt . Kamboja's excuse was that the Pharaoh of Egypt had not accepted him as a son-in-law ، But his real motive for this attack was 1- the collaboration of the Pharaoh of Egypt with the king of Ludia in the story of the plot to attack Iran and secondly, the infinite wealth of Egypt.. Egypt is a big country with a magnificent civilizationd, but this country was suffering from internal chaos. During this war trip, Pharaoh of Egypt thought that the Iranians would attack this land by sea, but the Iranian attack from the land surprised them and finally Cambodia was able to conquer Egypt. . The conquest of Egypt was very important for the Iranians, after the conquests during the time of Cyrus, they were now able to win over another world-famous government and dominate vast lands. .

At the beginning, Cambodia's dealings with the Egyptians were similar to those of Cyrus . He respected the customs of the Egyptians and honored their religion . For this reason, he did not face the stubborn resistance of the Egyptians . Cambodia was trying to conquer other parts of Africa, but the news that came from Iran forced him to return.. He first appointed an Iranian ruler for Egypt and then started his way back, but he passed away before reaching Iran. It is known that he got angry and committed suicide after hearing the news about Berdia, which you will read below. .

The officer who organized the greatest empire in the world !

When the Cambodian troops arrived in Iran ، The situation in Iran was disturbed . In the absence of Cambodia A person named Bardea declared himself the brother of Cambogia and the rightful successor of Cyrus . By forgiving taxes, he was able to attract the support of some rulers . On the other hand, some states near and far had begun to revolt. In such a situation, one of the Achaemenid youth named Dariush was able to bring the members of the Achaemenid families with him. . They united to seize power . Dariush first attacked Berdia's residence and killed her. Then he suppressed the rebellions, he started a large military operation in 2 years, during which 19 battles were fought and 9 local kings were killed. . In some of these trips, Darius himself participated and in others, he sent his trusted commanders . He himself went to Egypt and quelled the rebellion there . He also annexed North India to the Iranian Empire, Darius left a detailed description of his campaigns in the Biston inscription. …!

In the last years of his life, Darius campaigned in Greece . At this time ، A large part of Asia Minor was part of the territory of Iran . However ، A number of the rulers of those areas had revolted. In these revolts، Two famous Greek city-states named Athens And Sparta had hands. In this war journey, Darius punished the rebels. When the troops of Darius arrived near Athens, the people of Athens remained steadfast . In this war, which is known as the marathon war ، The Athenians were able to prevent the fall of their city ، Darius ordered his troops to return. He planned to march again into Greece the following year ، But after a while it passed .( The Athenians were very happy and rejoiced that they were able to protect their city from being conquered, and the Greek historians considered this incident as the defeat of Darius and greatly exaggerated its description in their books. )

From the death of Darius to the extinction of the Achaemenid dynasty …!

At the same time as Xerxes, the son and successor of Darius, came to power, there were riots that were suppressed by the Achaemenid dynasty.. Xerxes then decided to implement his father's plan to attack Greece . For this, he launched a large army. Xerxes won and defeated Greece in land battles, but he was not very successful in sea battles called Salamis.

After Xerxes, the Achaemenid court became the center of courtiers' competitions. During the time of Darius II, his wife Proshat had a lot of power and influence in the king, that's why he played a big role in the decisions. One of the important events that Proshat was involved in was Cyrus the Small's campaign to seize power. Darius II sent his son Ardashir to He chose a successor, but his other son named Cyrus the Younger, who ruled Asia Minor, was not satisfied with this choice and after the death of Darius II. . Little Cyrus, with his mother's concurrence, set off towards the capital with the army, most of whom were Greeks, but in the battle that ensued, Cyrus the little was defeated and killed. .

During the time of Artaxerxes II, Greece was weakened and was conquered by Philip the Macedonian, the ruler of Macedonia. During the time of Alexander, Darius III ruled Iran, which was dominated by internal disputes and weakness of the Achaemenids, and there was nothing left of the passion and courage of the previous years. Circumstances of Alexander the Great made a lot of massacres in the cities of Iran and destroyed the Achaemenid dynasty