In Ferdowsi's Shahnameh [ Moscow edition, pp. 1362 to 1379 ]Tabari's history, Balami's history, Iran during the Sassanids by Arthur Christian Sen, the history of Iranian literature before Islam by Ahmad Tafzali, the history of the Iranian people by Abdul Hossein Zarin Kob and some other works, about the fate of Khosrow Parviz Sassanid. (590 to 628 AD )His wife, Shirin, has come to the throne of Shirviyeh instead of his father, which is very instructive:
Khosrow Parviz was so fond of his Christian and Armenian wife, Shirin, that he finally decided to marry Shirin's son, who was a child, instead of his eldest son, known as Qabad II, who was married to Maryam, the daughter of the former Byzantine emperor Morikius. to be elected as the governor. Previously, the royal family, religious leaders, nobles and generals had expressed dissatisfaction and opposition to the marriage of Khosrow Parvez with a Christian and foreign woman, but the love between them was so deep that Khosrow did not pay attention to these objections.. Until, by choosing the Shah's men, the elders of the country started a coup against Khosrow and put him on the throne in his father's place.. On February 24 (5th of March) In 628 AD, Khosrow Parvez was deposed from the Sultanate and imprisoned.. Shirovya started his reign under the name of Qabad II and killed Khusrau's eighteen sons, including Shirin's four children, in front of Khusrau's eyes.. In the end, after five days of imprisonment, Khosro Parvez was also killed in prison..
When Khosrow was in prison, Shirouyeh, with the advice of two teachers named Kharad Barzin and Ashtad, wrote a letter and sent it to his father to remind him of the reason for his imprisonment.. Shirouyeh, who was not willing to kill his father, intended that with this letter, Khosrow could defend himself, so that perhaps the elders of the country and the army would be convinced and spare him from killing him.. Khosrow Parvez also wrote a letter to his son Shirovia in defense of himself, the full text of which is as follows.:
Shiravieh's letter to Khosrow Parviz:
"I have deposed and imprisoned you for the following reasons so that you know that I was right and I did not commit a sin: First, you blinded and killed your father Hormuz IV; The second is that you imprisoned your son's children in the house and did not allow them to marry anyone and leave behind a generation, and what God Almighty has made lawful for mankind, you prohibited for us; Third, you killed twenty thousand men of your army under the pretext of defeat against the Roman army and defeat in the Battle of Zokar.. Almighty God gave you victory, so what was their sin? Fourth, imprison anyone you wish and kill five or six of them every night; Fifth, you filled your treasury with gold and wire and accumulated so many jewels that no one knew its limit. Sixth, you imprisoned several thousand free women in your harem and prevented them from getting married, and you were busy with Shirin and did not pay attention to them; Seventh, you appointed oppressive men over the subjects and took taxes from the people by force; Eighth, Mauricius, king of Rome, was so kind to you that his daughter [ Maryam, the mother of Shirouye ] He married you and brought his army and his son with you so that you could get your right from Bahram Chubin, but you did not know the right of blessing and when you conquered Rome, Chelipa (Holy Cross of the Romans ) You took it as booty and when they asked you to return it, you did not send it back and you did not recognize the right of his blessing; 9th, Shahriar's son, Yazdjard (Third Yazdgerd) You wanted to kill him, but with your mediation, it was sweet that you spared killing him; 10th, Noman bin Manzer [ The last king of the Arab Lakhmi dynasty in Hira ] despite the fact that our ancestors and fathers knew him as their friend, because he did not give you his daughter and because of the teachers' lies, you brought him and killed innocent people; 11th, you wanted Mardanshah Amir of Babylon and innocently cut his hand so that he also wanted his own death and was killed..
Because of the many things you have done in the world, Malik has rebelled against you and today they tell me that if you don't kill him, we will kill you first and then your father.. If you have proof and defense, say it, so that I can tell them to avoid killing. »
Khosrow Parviz's defenses: [ Khosrow Parviz's defense text is like all autocrats who try to justify their actions after being removed from power.. ]
"Firstly, the story of me and my father (Hormuz IV) It is not what you said. You were not born yet when my father and I broke up. I had not yet gone to Rome and I had not married your mother Maryam. Bahram Chubin slandered me to my father and I ran away from my father and went to Azerbaijan and started worshiping God there.. I was absent at Tisophon, when my father was blinded, and when I returned, my father's health and strength were gone, otherwise I would never have sat in his place.. I was in Rome when my uncle Bandoi returned to Tisphon and killed my father without my permission.. After I gained power, I killed Bandoi for murdering my father. Second, I kept you and your brothers at home so that you can learn manners and become competent in the work of running the country. You were required to be polite, not rude. I paid you full. I provided everything for you from food, clothing and accessories. If I have not allowed you to marry and have children, it was because the astrologers had said that a child will be born from your family who will destroy Malik Ajam, and the astrologer's line is still with me and before I have sweetened it. If you want to see it yourself, ask Shirin for this line. I did not want Iran's property to be destroyed during my time. They made it so obligatory on me that I should kill you, and they wrote that you made me a king, but I didn't kill you, because you are a child.. Also, knowing that no one can reverse God's decree, and out of fatherly compassion, I did not hesitate to give you the property.. Third, the twenty thousand army men I killed was because I had given them wages and food for thirty years so that one day they would fight against my enemy.. When I needed them, they ran away from the battlefield and did not recognize my rights. His blood was halal according to politics. Fourth, I did not kill anyone in prison unless it was obligatory for him to kill. You should first read the story of their sins to know if they deserved to be killed or not. Fifth, what you said that I have accumulated a lot of wealth, know that no property can be had without the army, and the army cannot be without money, and the wealth of the army was the reason for the honor of the army, and the wealth of the army was the strength of the army's heart, and the strength of the army was the reason for the prosperity of the army.. Other countries fear him and cannot come to his kingdom, and such a king can do whatever he wants. The property of the poor should not be any amount. Sixth, what you said about the harem women that I withheld men's pleasure from them, know that I gave them blessings, abundance, and wealth so that they would not prefer any other man to me, and I told Shirin that every year he gathers them all together and whoever who wants to give a device to her husband and take her out of my harem. If today I die and they get married, it will be because of the many blessings I have given them. However, they still liked living with me more. Seventh, tribute and taxes are obligatory. This is not innovation that I have brought. This tribute was established by Anushirvan Shah Dadgar, who has no choice but to pay tribute to the king. He who does not pay taxes collects for himself, and the king has the right to kill him, because the destruction of the treasury was his desire.. Two days a month, I used to deal with people's complaints. Whoever did not come to me and did not ask for help, he himself has wronged himself, not me. Eighth, I did not recognize what you said about the right of the Roman king Moricius, if he gave me an army and sent a son with me and gave me his daughter Maryam, just as Bahram Chubin defeated you and I returned to the kingship, I gave so much wealth and blessings to the Roman king that He had never seen his eyes, nor had he thought about it, and I gave his son so much money that he would be amazed. I captured Chelipa in order to show my superiority over them and make them humiliated and oppressed.. Do not return this booty to them either, because it will show their dominance over your country. Ninth, regarding the intention to kill Shahryar's son, Yazd Jared, as I said, the astrologers told me that a son would come from your family who would destroy Malik Ajam and hand it over to the Arabs.. They said that there was a sign that I should put this mark on Yazd's body and it was necessary to kill him, because a more sinister child has never been born on earth than this child who lost his father's property for several years.. Tenth, I did not kill Numan bin Manzar because he did not give me a wife, nor because of the lies of the teachers.. When I escaped from Bahram Chubin and went to Rome, I saw a monk who said that this property should leave our family and fall into the hands of a great Arab man, and he did not say who that man was, and I, because among the Arabs, there is someone higher than Numan bin Manzar. I didn't know the basics, it occurred to me that this was his Arab. I looked for an excuse and killed him in order to save the country in order to preserve the property for my family.
All that I did, I did it with reason. Now I know that my work has come to an end and my time has been ruined, but I wanted to warn you not to blame me in vain.. I pray to you that if you kill me, do not eat from my property, because all the people of the world and all religions agree that whoever kills his father, his father's inheritance will be forbidden to him, and if he takes it, he will not eat it.. »
After they gave Khosrow's letter to Shirovia, Shirovia cried hard and was tormented by killing his father.. He told the elders that no matter what we thought that he had done wrong, he gave all proofs and proofs, shedding his blood is not halal.. But the elders of the country told him that if Khosrow lives, because the people love him more, then they will make him king again, and then he will kill you and all of us..
It was for this reason that Shirwayeh, despite his wish, issued the order to kill the father in prison. When the news of Khosrow's death reached Shirouyeh, he cried hard. When the night came, Shirovia called Mehrhormoz, the executioner who had executed Khosrow in prison with his dagger, and killed him with his own hands.. Then he said this above his head: "I cannot see the killer of the father, especially the one who brought a message from Khosrow that whoever does not kill the killer of the father is a bastard.. »
Fifty-three days after Khosrow's death, Shirovia sent someone to Shirin and gave this message: "There is no one more guilty than you in Iran. You have destroyed the king, if you want me to forgive your sins, come to me now. Shirin was confused by his message and replied like this: "He who has not shown mercy to his father is not worthy of greatness. I don't want to see you ever. Be ashamed of your words and ask God for forgiveness. According to the Shahnameh, after receiving the sweet reply, Shirviyeh got angry and sent such a message again: "You have no choice, otherwise I will bring you by force. "Shirin also responded like this inevitably: "I will not come to you alone, I will come with some people. Then Shirin put on a black dress and went to the door of Shiroviye with fifty people. The king told him: "Two months have passed since Khosrow's mourning, now you have to become my wife. I will cherish you like my father. Shirin also answered like this: "You said that I am a bad woman and a witch. " said Shiroviah: "Don't hold grudge against my harshness. Shirin turned to those who were present there and said: "Have you seen anything bad from me? I have been a lady of Iran for a long time and I have been nothing but the truth. The elders all bowed their heads and remembered Shirin well. Then Shirin continued: "Three things make a woman worthy of the royal throne: First, to have shame and modesty. Second, she gave birth to a son for the king. The third is that she is beautiful and she covers her face and hair from the naked. When I became Khosrow's wife, I gave birth to four sons from him. [ Mardan Shah, Nestor, Shahriar, Froud ] The children of Jamshid and Fereydoun [ Old kings ] have not had. Then Shirin opened the curtain and said: "My face and hair are like no one has seen before. All the nobles who were present in the crowd, including the king, were stunned to see the beauty of Shirin's face.. Then Shirin turned to Shirouye and said: "I have two needs that if you fulfill, I will become your wife. First, you must return all the property I have and you must confirm it in front of everyone with your handwriting.. Second, let me see Khosrow's body for the last time. Shiroviye answered sweet requests. First, he returned all his property to him. Shirin also gave all his possessions to the poor and freed many captives, slaves and maidservants. Shirouye also fulfilled Shirin's second wish. They opened the tomb of the previous king and Shirin Moye Kenan put his face on Khosrow's face and then drank the poison he had brought with him and died in his lifeless arms..
Dr. Mehdi Derari / http://mehdirahbari.blogsky.com/1394/01/29/post-398
