Shah Abbas the Great Shah Abbas I is the most famous ruler of the Safavid era and even after Islam. He is the son of Shah Mohammad Khodabandeh and the fifth king of the Safavid dynasty, who ruled over Iran for more than 42 years with authority mixed with despotism..
In 1000 AH, he moved the capital to Isfahan and brought order and peace to the eastern provinces.
In the year 1007 AH (۱۵۹۸) Two English nobles, Anthony Shirley and Robert Shirley, along with twenty-five other Englishmen, arrived in Qazvin from Venice, Aleppo and Baghdad.. The Shirley brothers, who were in the service of the Earl of Essex, one of the most powerful generals in England, were assigned to place themselves at the disposal of the Iranian government for the war against the Ottomans, while also obtaining concessions for English merchants.. The said delegation was warmly received by the Iranian government and Shah Abbas used their existence to equip and establish the order of the Iranian army.. They also expanded the relations between Iran and European countries with a common feature and that is the hostility towards the Ottomans.
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In front of the Qazalbash who did not obey anyone except their leaders, with the advice of the Shirley brothers, he established a force composed of ten thousand cavalry and twelve thousand infantry from Georgian and Armenian people who had converted to Islam and named them "Shahsun". and took command of it himself.
He assigned the Shirley brothers with the help of Allah Vardi Khan to build a powerful artillery and armory.
After Shah Abbas formed a strong army to fight against the Portuguese who had occupied the Persian Gulf and southern Iran, the command of the Iranian army in this battle was the responsibility of the brave commander Imam Qoli Khan. (Gambron is a Portuguese word meaning crab) Imam Gholi Khan was able to defeat Portugal by attacking Hormuz Island and conquering the Portuguese palace.[Requires resource]
In recognition of this great service of Shah Abbas, the people of the south changed Bandar Gambron to Bandar Abbas to commemorate the bravery of Shah Abbas against the Portuguese aggressors..
Measures for the prosperity of Iran
Enmity between Iran and Ottomans ended in favor of Isfahan, and Isfahan must have been very lucky that Shah Abbas was the cause of good in that city, which was not noticed for centuries. became. Naqsh Jahan Square, Imam Mosque (Before the revolution, its name was Shah Mosque for several centuries)Ali Qapu, parts of the Forty Seton mansion, Chahar Bagh, the bridges of Zayandeh Rood River, the canalization of the waters of Kohrang Mountain towards Zayandeh Rood are some of his good works.. Although nearly half a millennium has passed since his time, Isfahan is still proud of the cultural monuments and art of the Safavid era, as it was the "cultural capital of the Islamic world" in 1428.. As many travelers and historians have stated, Shah Abbas was a patriotic person, for this reason and in order to introduce the culture of pilgrimage among the people, he decided to march to Mashhad in 1009 and by his order only 999 caravanserais were built in that year and a large number of More were built in the years after that. He officially made Mashhad the "Holy City of Iran" so that people would go to visit the 8th Imam of the Shiites and the suffering and hardships of the Hajj journey and the strictures of the rulers of the Ottoman provinces would no longer be known..
Shah Abbas in 1032 Ashraf city (Behshahr today) and created Kolah Ferangi mansions and beautiful Abbasid buildings, and the Shah, who was a tourist, always went there for hunting.. In 1033, he built the city of Farah Abad and made it the center of Mazandaran government.
He made the roads safe and also worked hard to repair and build new roads; He authorized the Georgians and Armenians who were captured in the war in Georgia to live freely in Farah Abad and also gave them land next to Isfahan and they built the city of Jolfa. He removed the port of Gambrun in 1023 and the island of Hormuz from the Portuguese in 1031..
Cultural actions
He paid attention to poetry, painting, music and architecture; And you are interested in scholars and artists. Mulla Sadra; son-in-law Mirfendersky; Sheikh Bahai and… They were among the virtuous people of his era. Shah Abbas was a religious man, and especially he had great devotion to Hazrat Ali (peace be upon him).. Govind was kind to his subjects and subordinates. Architectural culture is still influenced by that period.
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