Imam Khomeini's decisive position and opposition to the capitulation bill

Capitulation, which is called consular judgment in Persian, in the history of international law, means any agreement in which one country gives permission to another country to use its jurisdiction for its nationals who live within the borders of that country. let him use.

One of the biggest betrayals of the Pahlavi government after the uprising of 15 Khordad 1342, which led to the exile of Imam Khomeini(س) It is considered to be abroad, the capitulation bill was passed in the National Assembly. This bill after Shah's referendum and approval of state and provincial associations bill, both of which were approved by Imam Khomeini's position.(س) faced, it was proposed in the parliament. Removing the legal obstacles to the presence of American forces in Iran and ensuring their security was important to the Shah. Especially the fact that he had come under the pressure of the United States for the rapid implementation of the economic and political reforms desired by the White House. In this situation, revitalizing the capitulation system with the aim of granting political and consular immunity to American citizens in Iran was placed on the agenda of the government.. The proposal to ratify the capitulation was given to the government of Amir Asadullah Alam by the American Embassy in March 1340. This proposal was approved by the science cabinet on 13 Mehr 1342 and in the Senate in August 1343. Then, on 21 Mehr 1343, Hassan Ali Mansour, the prime minister at the time, took this bill to the National Assembly and approved it..

Following this approval, Imam Khomeini severely criticized the regime's action in approving this bill on the 4th of Aban 1343.. Before the Imam's speech, the Shah sent a representative to Qom to prevent him from giving a speech on this day, but the Imam did not accept the Shah's representative and on the promised day he gave one of his most important speeches in the presence of a large number of clerics and people of Qom. Delivered. This speech was a trial of the illegal interference of the American ruling body in Islamic Iran.

Imam started his speech like this:“We belong to God and to Him we shall return.”. I cannot express my feelings. My heart is under pressure. I have lost sleep these few days when I heard about the recent issues of Iran [audience crying]. I am sad [audience crying]. My heart is under pressure [audience crying]. I count the days with my heart's emotions until death happens [Loud cry from the audience]. Iran no longer has Eid [audience crying]. Iran's Eid has been mourned [audience crying]; They mourned and lit candles [audience crying]; They mourned and danced together [audience crying]. They sold us, they sold our independence, and they made light again; They stomped. If I were in their place, I would ban these lights. I said they should put a black flag over the bazaars [audience crying]; knock on the top of the houses; Raise a black tent. Our dignity was violated; The greatness of Iran was lost; They crushed the greatness of the Iranian army."

In the continuation of his speech, Imam explained the law of capitulation: "They passed a law in the parliament; In that law, we were first joined to the Vienna Treaty; And secondly, they joined the Vienna Treaty [until the] Military advisors, all American military advisors with their families, with their technical employees, with their administrative employees, with their crews, with everyone who is related to them, they are immune from any crime they commit in Iran.! If an American servant, if an American cook assassinates your impersonator in the middle of the market, the Iranian police has no right to stop him.! Iran's courts do not have the right to try, to interrogate, he should go to America! There in America, the masters determine the task!

The former government had approved this and did not tell anyone. The current government took this approval letter to the parliament a few days ago and to the senate a few days ago and ended the matter with an uprising and they did not catch their breath again.. In these few days, they took this approval letter to the Shura Council and there they had discussions, there were objections, some of the lawyers there also raised objections, they had discussions, but they passed the matter; They passed with complete insolence! The government brazenly supported this disgraceful matter! They made the Iranian nation worse than American dogs. If someone steps on an American dog, they will ask him to answer; However, if the Shah of Iran steps on an American dog, they will demand retribution; And if an American chef subverts the Shah of Iran, subverts the authority of Iran, or subverts the senior authority, no one has the right to attack.! Why? Because they wanted to borrow from America! America said this should be done- Unfortunately, this is how it is- after three- Four days, they asked for a loan of two hundred million, two hundred million dollars. The government approved giving two hundred million dollars to the Iranian government within five years and receiving three hundred million dollars within ten years! Do you understand what that means? Two hundred million dollars, eight tomans per dollar, should be loaned to the Iranian government for the system within five years, and three hundred million dollars within ten years.- As they calculated- get three hundred million dollars from Iran; That is, one hundred million dollars, that is, eight hundred million tomans from Iran to benefit from this loan! However, Iran sold itself for these dollars! Iran sold our independence; considered us as part of the colonial state; He presented the Muslim nation of Iran as inferior to the barbarians in the world, in exchange for a loan of two hundred million dollars, they will pay back three hundred million dollars.! What do we do with this calamity? What should clerics do with these materials? Where to take refuge? What country should they reach?

Imam spoke with power in this speech: "Sir, I am announcing the danger! O Iranian army, I declare danger! O politicians of Iran, I declare danger! O merchants of Iran, I declare a danger! O scholars of Iran, O authorities of Islam, I declare a danger! O Fazla, O Students, O References, O Gentlemen, O Najaf, O Qom, O Mashhad, O Tehran, O Shiraz, I declare a danger.! It is dangerous. It turns out that there are things under the curtains and we don't know. They said in the parliament, don't let the curtains go up! It turns out that they have seen dreams for us! What will they do worse than this? I don't know, what is worse than captivity? What is worse than humiliation? What do they want to do with us? What do they think? What will this dollar loan bring to this nation? This poor nation [after] Ten years, eight hundred million tomans to give money to America?! At the same time, sell us for the same thing?!»

The imam, with great guilt, kept silent about this issue, and asked the clergy and the informed people to embrace Islam: "Sir, think for this country; Think for this nation. Hey, take a loan?! Be a servant! Of course, there is also a servant dollar! You want to use the dollars, we will serve them! If we went under the car, no one has the right to say to the Americans, raise your eyebrows! But you should use it; The article is like this. Shouldn't you say these? Those gentlemen who say that it should be suffocated, should it also be suffocated here? Shall we suffocate here too? sell us and suffocate?! Let them sell our Quran and suffocate us? And by Allah, whoever does not shout is a sinner; And by Allah, the one who does not shout is guilty of greatness [Loud cry from the audience].

O leaders of Islam, reach Islam [audience crying]. O scholars of Najaf, reach Islam [audience crying]. O scholars of Qom, reach Islam. He went to Islam [Loud cry from the audience]. O Islamic nations, O leaders of Islamic nations, O presidents of Islamic nations, O rulers of Islamic nations, O king of Iran, do what you want.. Reach out to all of us. Should we go under America's boots because we are a weak nation?! Because we don't have dollars?! America is worse than England, England is worse than America, the Soviet Union is worse than both. All the worse; All worse than each other. But today we are dealing with these villains! It is with America. The President of the United States should know- know this meaning- who are the most hated people in the world before our nation. Today, he is the most hated human being in front of our nation. He has done injustice to the Islamic state, today the Quran is against him. The Iranian nation is against him. The US government should know this. They lost it in Iran; They destroyed him in Iran."

He continued to say: "The influence of Iranians must be stopped! There should be immunity for American cooks, for American mechanics, for the American office, its administrative and technical staff, officials, administrative employees, technical employees, and for their families, but Mr. Qazi ]Seyyed Muhammad Ali Qazi Tabatabai is a cleric named Azarbaijan[ be in prison! Mr. Islami ]Abbas Ali Eslami, famous preacher of Tehran[ handcuffed here and there! These servants of Islam, scholars of Islam should be in prison, preachers of Islam should be in prison, supporters of Islam should be imprisoned in Bandar Abbas, because they are supporters of the clergy; They are either clerics or supporters of clerics. The history of Iran is in the hands of the people! Document [to] They shook their hands as it turned out that the prosperity of this nation is to cut off the influence of clerics! What does that mean? Is the welfare of the nation such that the hand of the Messenger of God is cut off from this nation?! Clergymen themselves are not something, whatever they have is from the Messenger of God; The hand of the Messenger of God must be cut off from this nation! They want this. They want this so that Israel can do anything here with ease. As far as America is concerned, he can do whatever he wants."

The Imam made a statement by calling the resolutions of the Majlis illegal: "God, they betrayed our country. God, the government betrayed our country; betrayed Islam; He betrayed the Quran. The lawyers of the Majlis betrayed, those who agreed to this matter. Senate lawyers betrayed. These old men; The lawyers of the Shura Council, those who voted, betrayed this country. These are not lawyers. Let the world know that these are not Iran's lawyers! If there were, I dismissed them. They are disbarred from law.

All the approvals they have written so far are all wrong! From the beginning of the constitution until now, according to the text of the law, according to the text of the law, the law that they accept, according to the text, according to the text of the law, according to the second principle of the amendment to the constitution, until the mujtahids do not supervise, there is no law in the parliament.. Which mujtahid is supervising now? The hands of the clerics should be cut off! If there were five mullahs in this assembly, if one mullah was in this assembly, you would slap them in the mouth.! He would not let this happen…We passed this law- In their own words- We do not know the law. We do not consider this parliament as a parliament. We do not consider this government as a government. These are traitors to Iran! Khainand!»

(Imam's book, vol. 1, p: ۴۱۵-۴۲۴)

Also, Imam (س) On the same day - November 4, 1343 - he issued a statement addressed to the clergy and the people of Iran: "The world should know that every problem that the Iranian nation and the Muslim nations have is from foreigners, from America.. Islamic nations hate foreigners in general and America in particular.". In this statement, capitulation is referred to as "enslavement of the Iranian people"..

In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

Allah has not made for the disbelievers a path for the believers

Do the people of Iran know what happened in the parliament these days? Does he know what crime was committed without the knowledge of the nation and smuggled? Does he know that the parliament, at the suggestion of the government, signed the document of the slavery of the Iranian nation and acknowledged that Iran is a colony? Did he give America the proof of the brutality of the Muslim nation? Did you draw a black pen on all our Islamic and national pride? Did you draw a red pen on all the bragging and exaggerations of the heads of the people for many years? Did it make Iran inferior to the most backward countries in the world? Did you insult the honorable Iranian army and its officials and rank-and-file? Did he violate the dignity of Iran's courts? Did he give a positive vote to the most disgraceful approval of the former government, with the proposal of the current government, without the knowledge of the nation, with several hours of secret talks? Did the Iranian nation fall under the captivity of the Americans? Now the American military and non-military advisers with all their families and employees are free to commit any crime, commit any betrayal; Iranian police have no right to arrest them. Iranian courts do not have jurisdiction. Why? Because America is a dollar country, and Iran's government needs dollars!

According to this shameful opinion, if an American adviser or a servant of an American adviser dares to commit any kind of betrayal to one of Iran's imitation authorities, to one of the respected people of the nation, to one of Iran's high-ranking officials, the police have the right to arrest him. does not have Iran's courts have no jurisdiction. But if one of their dogs is attacked, the police must intervene; The court must deal with it!

Today, when the colonial governments, one after the other, with courage and bravery, free themselves from the pressure of colonialism and break the chains of slavery, Iran's progressive parliament, claiming a history of 2500 years of civilization, boasting of being equal to the progressive countries, He votes for the most disgraceful and insulting false approval of the immoral governments, and introduces the noble nation of Iran to the world as the lowest and most backward nations. And with as much pride as possible, the government defends the wrong approval letter and the parliament votes. I was informed by some informed sources that they have proposed this disgraceful plan to the government of Pakistan, Indonesia, Turkey, and West Germany, and none of them have been under the burden of this captivity.. Iran is the only government that plays with the dignity of our nation and Islam and destroys it..

Scholars and clerics who say that the power of the bayonet should not interfere in the destiny of the country, the parliamentarians should be the representatives of the nation, the governments should be national, the stranglehold should be removed from the press and the organizations should not monitor them and should not deprive the Muslim nation of their freedom. It is so that they do not impose these disgraces on the nation and do not make us face these calamities.. Why are the lawyers of the parliament not breathing, even though they are 100% against such a document of slavery according to the rule of humanity and nationality? And except for two- The three of them, who have obviously spoken anxiously, are sitting silently? Because they don't rely on the nation, they are puppets, and they don't have the power to oppose, they throw them out with a gesture; They put him in prison.

Do the people of Iran know that instead of swearing by the Holy Qur'an, the army officers swore by the holy book that I believe in? This is the danger that I have repeatedly pointed out: Danger for the Holy Quran; For dear Islam; Danger for the Islamic State; Danger for the independence of the country. I don't know what evil the Jabar regime has seen from the Holy Quran, what harm it has done to Islam and the Quran, that it insists so much on erasing its name.. If you take refuge in the Qur'an and Islam, a foreigner will not allow himself to take a document of slavery from you; He will not allow your national and Islamic pride to be violated. The nation's separation from the ruling body, their lack of support from the nation, causes these calamities.

Now I declare that this disgraceful opinion of the parliaments is against Islam and the Qur'an, and it is not legal. It is against the opinion of the Muslim nation. The lawyers of the parliaments are not the people's lawyers; They are bayonet lawyers! Their opinion has no value in front of the nation, Islam and the Quran. And if the strangers want to take advantage of this dirty vote, the duty of the nation will be determined.

Let the world know that every problem that the Iranian nation and the Muslim nations have is from foreigners. It is from America. Islamic nations hate foreigners in general and America in particular. The misfortune of the Islamic state is the interference of foreigners in their destinies. They are aliens who have taken our expensive underground reservoirs as hostages. It is England that has been taking our black gold for many years at a low price. They are foreigners who occupied our dear country and attacked it from three sides without permission and killed our soldiers.. Yesterday, Islamic countries were under the grip of England and its agents; Today in the hands of America and its agents. It is America that supports Israel and its supporters. It is America that gives Israel the power to displace Muslim Arabs. It is America that imposes lawyers, either directly or through intermediaries, on the Iranian nation. It is America that considers Islam and the Holy Quran harmful to its state, and wants to remove them from its front.. It is America that considers clerics to be a thorn in the path of colonialism, and it should kill them by imprisonment, torture and humiliation.. It is the US that is putting pressure on the Iranian parliament and government to approve and implement such a scandalous resolution that violates all our Islamic and national pride.. It is America that makes a barbaric and worse deal with the Islamic nation.

It is up to the people of Iran to break these chains. It is up to the Iranian army not to allow such disgraceful acts to happen in Iran. From the higher ups, by any means, they want to tear this document of colonialism; overthrow this government; The lawyers who voted for this disgraceful matter should be expelled from the parliament. It is up to the nation to ask its scholars not to remain silent in this matter. It is up to the scholars to ask the authorities of Islam not to ignore this matter. It is up to the scholars and teachers of seminaries to ask the scholars to break the silence. It is up to the students of science to ask the teachers not to be unaware of this matter. It is up to the Muslim nation to ask preachers and preachers to inform those who are not aware of this great calamity. It is up to the khutba and the preachers to protest against this disgraceful matter with a firm, fearless speech and wake up the nation.. It is up to the university professors to inform the youth about what is under the veil. It is up to the university youth to strongly oppose this disgraceful plan; Calmly and with sensitive slogans, convey the opposition of the university to the nations of the world. It is up to the students of foreign countries not to remain silent in this vital matter that endangers the reputation of the religion and the nation.. It is up to the leaders of the Islamic State to convey our cry to the world, and to warn the world of the desperate cry of this unfortunate nation from free broadcasting centers.. It is up to the scholars and preachers of the Islamic nations to remove this shame from the front of the noble nation of Iran, their Islamic brothers, with a flood of protests.. And it is up to all the sections of the nation to give up their petty conflicts and strive towards the holy goal of independence and getting out of captivity.. It is up to honorable political men to inform us about the hidden things that were said in the parliament. It is up to the political parties to agree with each other on this issue.

The goal of religious authorities and clerics is the same wherever they are. And that is supporting the holy religion of Islam and the Holy Qur'an and supporting Muslims. There is no difference between the scholars of declaration and the guardians of Islam in this sacred goal. Supposedly, if the difference of ijtihad and opinion is in a small and insignificant matter, like other differences in secondary matters, it does not prevent the unity of opinion in fundamental matters.. If the government organizations thought that they could divert us from their holy goal with the spraying and let the fanatical ignorant reach their evil intentions, they have made a mistake.. On this side, as I am one of the servants of the Islamic scholars and the nation of Islam, I am willing to humble myself for the smallest people at a critical time and for the great interests of Islam, until it reaches the scholars of the declaration and great authorities.- God multiplied people like them. It is necessary for young zealots and novice students to prevent their language and pen; And in the way of Islam and the holy goal of the Qur'an, they should refrain from things that cause discord and division. In order to end the chaos and irregularities, the scholars of the announcement are thinking of general reform, if the governments give us a chance to think; If the troubles that arise from the governing body and mental discomforts give us the opportunity to purify and reform internally.. This is the way of troubles that stop us from our path, which is the path of purification of areas and all-round reform.. With the feeling of danger for Islam and the Holy Quran, there is no room left for the nation to think about other matters. The importance of these issues is so great that it has overshadowed our special jobs.

Does the Muslim nation know that currently some scholars, missionaries, and students and many innocent Muslims are in prisons, and they have been imprisoned for long periods of time, contrary to the laws? And there is no reference to end this situation of medieval reactionary chaos. These are following the massacre of 15 Khordad, 12 Muharram, whose wounds will not be erased from the hearts of the nation. Instead of thinking about Iran's economy, preventing bankruptcies of respectable businessmen, bread and water for the poor and the needy, the black winter of the homeless, and finding work for young graduates and other poor classes, the ruling body is doing destructive things. , like what was said and the like, he claps his hands; Such as the hiring of women for boys' high schools and men for girls' high schools, the corruption of which is obvious to everyone [is] And the insistence that women enter government institutions, which is obvious to everyone as corrupt and futile. Today, Iran's economy is in the hands of America and Israel; And the market of Iran is out of the hands of Iranians and Muslims, and the dust of bankruptcy and poverty has settled on the faces of merchants and farmers; And the gentlemen's reforms have created a black market for America and Israel; And there is no one who can reach the needs of the poor people.

I suffer from the thought of this winter. I predict the severity of hunger and the destruction of many poor and needy people.. It is necessary for the nation to think about the poor. It is necessary to prepare for their winter from now on so that the disasters of the previous year will not be repeated. It is necessary for the scholars to announce the country, to invite the people to this necessary matter.

From God Almighty, the greatness of Islam and Muslims and the liberation of the Islamic state from the evil of foreigners- Allah the Exalted wants to humiliate them. And peace be upon those who follow guidance.

Spirit of God Musawi Al-Khomeini

(Imam's book, vol. 1, p: ۴۰۹-۴۱۴)

The capitulation was finally canceled by the Islamic Republic of Iran on 23 May 1358 after the victory of the Islamic Revolution.. This was stated in the statement of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs: According to the proposal of the Council of Ministers of the Provisional Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the approval of the Islamic Revolutionary Council, the law approved on October 21, 1343 regarding the permission to use the immunities and exemptions of the Vienna Convention for American military advisers in Iran (Capitulation) It was canceled from 23/2/58.
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