Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎶
Attested in Old Persian

king

Lemma
xšāyaθiya-
Transliteration
x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y-m
Transcription
xšāyaθiyam

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for xšāyaθiyam; English gloss: king.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎧 xa Phonogram
  2. 𐏁 ša Phonogram
  3. 𐎠 a Phonogram
  4. 𐎹 ya Phonogram
  5. 𐎰 ϑa Phonogram
  6. 𐎡 i Phonogram
  7. 𐎹 ya Phonogram
  8. 𐎶 ma Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

30 occurrences
AsH · 7100% confidence

𐏐 𐎲𐎥𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹/𐎶

: b-g-a-n-a-m : m-a-m : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y-/mToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DPd · 2100% confidence

𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡/𐎹𐎶

: h-u-v : d-a-r-y-v-u-m : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-/y-mToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DNa · 5100% confidence

𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤/𐎢𐎴𐎢𐏁

: h-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-m : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y-m : a-ku-/u-n-u-šToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DNa · 6100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎡𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎽𐎢𐎺𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰/𐎡𐎹𐎶

: a-i-v-m : p-ru-u-v-n-a-m : x-š-a-y-ϑ-/i-y-mToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DNa · 33100% confidence

𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺𐎮𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎲𐎼 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎶 [𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠/𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎶

p-s-a-v-di-i-m : m-n-a : f-r-a-b-r : m-a-m [: x-š-a-/y-ϑ-i-y-mToken span 9–9 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DNb · 4100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎽𐎢𐎺𐎿𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎢𐎱𐎼𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠/𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎶

: a-ru-u-v-s-t-m : u-p-r-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-m : x-š-a-/y-ϑ-i-y-mToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSm · 4100% confidence

[𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼]𐎣𐎶 [𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐]

[t-y : v-z-r]-k-m [: t-y : u-m-r-t-i-y-m : m-a-m : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y-m :]Token span 11–11 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSt · 5100% confidence

𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁]/[𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎶

: h-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-m : x-š]-/[a-y-ϑ-i-y-mToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSab · 1100% confidence

𐎲𐎥 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼(𐎶)[𐏀]𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎲(𐎢𐎷)𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎿𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎶 𐏐 (𐎠𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡)[𐎹𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎭]𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎣𐎼 𐏐 𐎠𐎰𐎥𐎡𐎴 𐏐

b-g : v-z-r-k : a-u-r-(m)-[z]-d-a : h-y : i-m-a-m : b-(u-mi)-i-m : a-d-a : h-y : a-v-m : a-s-m-a-n-m : a-d-a : h-y : m-r-t-i-y-m : a-d-a : h-y : š-i-y-a-t-i-m : (a-d-a : m-r-t-i)-[y-h-y-a : h-y : d]-a-r-y-v-u-m : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y-m : a-ku-u-n-u-š : i-y-m : p-t-i-k-r : a-ϑ-g-i-n :Token span 41–41 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DE · 7100% confidence

𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹/𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎶

h-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-m : x-š-a-y-/ϑ-i-y-mToken span 5–5 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DE · 9100% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎽𐎢𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰/𐎡𐎹𐎶

: p-ru-u-n-a-m : x-š-a-y-ϑ-/i-y-mToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XPa · 4100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐎡𐎺𐎶 𐏐

: x-š-y-a-r-š-a-m : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y-m : a-ku-u-n-u-š : a-i-v-m :Token span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

AsHa (Q007130) · Q007130.7.7

Documented dictionary attestation in AsHa (Q007130), Q007130.7.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DEa (Q007146) · Q007146.7.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DEa (Q007146), Q007146.7.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DNa (Q007152) · Q007152.5.6

Documented dictionary attestation in DNa (Q007152), Q007152.5.6.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DNb (Q007153) · Q007153.4.9

Documented dictionary attestation in DNb (Q007153), Q007153.4.9.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DPd (Q007160) · Q007160.2.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DPd (Q007160), Q007160.2.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSab (Q007189) · Q007189.2.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DSab (Q007189), Q007189.2.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XEa (Q007205) · Q007205.8.3

Documented dictionary attestation in XEa (Q007205), Q007205.8.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPa (Q007209) · Q007209.4.4

Documented dictionary attestation in XPa (Q007209), Q007209.4.4.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPb (Q007210) · Q007210.7.5

Documented dictionary attestation in XPb (Q007210), Q007210.7.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPd (Q007212) · Q007212.5.7

Documented dictionary attestation in XPd (Q007212), Q007212.5.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPf (Q007214) · Q007214.5.7

Documented dictionary attestation in XPf (Q007214), Q007214.5.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPh (Q007216) · Q007216.4.7

Documented dictionary attestation in XPh (Q007216), Q007216.4.7.View source