Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎫𐎹𐎡𐎹
Attested in Old Persian

who

Lemma
haya/taya-
Transliteration
t-y-i-y
Transcription
tayai̯

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for tayai̯; English gloss: who.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎫 ta Phonogram
  2. 𐎹 ya Phonogram
  3. 𐎡 i Phonogram
  4. 𐎹 ya Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

28 occurrences
DB1. · 9100% confidence

𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏒𐏒𐏒𐏒 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎢𐎶𐎠𐎹[𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎡]𐎹 𐏐 [𐎱]𐎽𐎢𐎺𐎶

: d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : 2-2-2-2 : m-n-a : t-u-m-a-y-[a : t-y-i]-y : [p]-ru-u-v-mToken span 12–12 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 15100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎲𐎠𐎹 [𐏐] 𐎸𐎢𐎭𐎼𐎠𐎹 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎼𐎹𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎿𐎱𐎼𐎭 𐏐 𐎹𐎢𐎴 [𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎭] 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴 𐏐 𐎣𐎫/𐎱𐎬𐎢𐎣

: a-r-b-a-y [:] mu-u-d-r-a-y : t-y-i-y : d-r-y-h-y-a : s-p-r-d : y-u-n [: m-a-d] : a-r-mi-i-n : k-t-/p-tu-u-kToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 73100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎺𐎠𐎴 𐏐 𐏃𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎠 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎱𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐏁𐎡𐎹/𐎺

: a-t-i-y-a-i-š : p-s-a-v : vi-i-v-a-n : h-d-a : k-a-r-a : n-i-p-di-i-y : t-y-i-y : a-š-i-y-/vToken span 14–14 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB4. · 32100% confidence

𐏒𐏒𐏒𐏒𐏑 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎹[𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎭]𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎥𐎼𐎲𐎠𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎫𐎼 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎠 !

2-2-2-2-1 : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y-a : t-y-[i-y : a-d]-m : a-g-r-b-a-y-m : a-t-r : i-m-a : h-m-r-n-a !Token span 5–5 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB4. · 50100% confidence

𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎡𐎹𐎠[𐎫𐎡𐎹] !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎡𐎹

: m-n-i-y-a-[t-i-y] !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : t-y-i-yToken span 10–10 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB4. · 61100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎼 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎴[𐎡𐎹𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎲]𐎥𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎫𐎡𐎹 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢/𐏁

: a-b-r : u-t-a : a-n-[i-y-a-h : b]-g-a-h : t-y-i-y : h-t-i-y !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-/šToken span 10–10 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB4. · 63100% confidence

[𐏐] 𐎲𐎥𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎡[𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎫𐎡]𐎹 𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎡𐎣 𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎶 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎼𐎢𐎩𐎴 𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎶 𐏐 𐎴/𐎡𐎹

[:] b-g-a-h : t-y-i-[y : h-t-i]-y : y-ϑ-a : n-i-y : a-r-i-k : a-h-m : n-i-y : d-r-u-j-n : a-h-m : n-/i-yToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB4. · 80100% confidence

𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎣𐎬𐎢𐎺 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎡𐎹

: n-i-k-tu-u-v !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : i-m-i-y : m-r-t-i-y-a : t-y-i-yToken span 14–14 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB5. · 22100% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎿[𐎠]𐎺 [𐏐 𐎿[𐎣𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎹]𐎡(𐎹) [𐏐] 𐎧𐎢[𐎭𐎠]𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎡𐎥𐎼𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎲𐎼𐎫𐎡/𐎹

: p-s-[a]-v [: s-[k-a : t-y]-i-(y) [:] x-u-[d-a]-m : t-i-g-r-a-m : b-r-t-i-/yToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DBa · 15100% confidence

𐏐 !!! 𐎫𐎢𐎶𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎽𐎢𐎺/𐎶

: !!! t-u-m-a-y-a : t-y-i-y : p-ru-u-v-/mToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DPe · 13100% confidence

𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐏁𐎣𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎹/𐎡𐎹

: t-y-i-y : u-š-k-h-y-a : u-t-a : t-y-/i-yToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DPe · 13100% confidence

𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐏁𐎣𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎹/𐎡𐎹

: t-y-i-y : u-š-k-h-y-a : u-t-a : t-y-/i-yToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.10.13

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.10.13.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBa (Q007135) · Q007135.15.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DBa (Q007135), Q007135.15.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DHa (Q007148) · Q007148.5.1

Documented dictionary attestation in DHa (Q007148), Q007148.5.1.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DNa (Q007152) · Q007152.28.10

Documented dictionary attestation in DNa (Q007152), Q007152.28.10.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DPe (Q007161) · Q007161.13.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DPe (Q007161), Q007161.13.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DPh (Q007164) · Q007164.5.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DPh (Q007164), Q007164.5.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSe (Q007171) · Q007171.28.2

Documented dictionary attestation in DSe (Q007171), Q007171.28.2.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSf (Q007172) · Q007172.47.12

Documented dictionary attestation in DSf (Q007172), Q007172.47.12.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSz (Q007187) · Q007187.17.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DSz (Q007187), Q007187.17.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPh (Q007216) · Q007216.24.5

Documented dictionary attestation in XPh (Q007216), Q007216.24.5.View source