Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶
Attested in Old Persian

do

Lemma
kar
Transliteration
k-r-t-m
Transcription
kṛtam

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for kṛtam; English gloss: do.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎣 ka Phonogram
  2. 𐎼 ra Phonogram
  3. 𐎫 ta Phonogram
  4. 𐎶 ma Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

61 occurrences
DB1. · 27100% confidence

𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁/𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹

: d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : i-m : t-y : m-n-a : k-r-t-m : p-s-a-v : y-ϑ-a : x-š-/a-y-ϑ-i-yToken span 12–12 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 27100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠𐏁𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 [𐎣𐎠]𐎼 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎱𐎭 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶/𐎠

: a-h : a-v-ϑ-a-š-a-m : h-m-r-n-m : k-r-t-m : p-s-a-v : h-u-v : [k-a]-r : h-y : m-n-a : k-p-d : n-a-m-/aToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 37100% confidence

𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠[𐎼𐎹]𐎺𐎢[𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠]𐎹[𐎰]𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎯𐎢𐎻/𐎡𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎶

: h-m-r-n-m : k-r-t-m !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-[r-y]-v-u-[š : x-š-a]-y-[ϑ]-i-y : p-t-i-y : du-u-vi-/i-t-i-y-mToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 42100% confidence

𐏐 𐎼𐎢𐎨𐎲𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎰𐎣𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠𐏁𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎣[𐎼𐎫𐎶] !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹/𐎺𐎢𐏁

: r-u-c-b-i-š : ϑ-k-t-a : a-h : a-v-ϑ-a-š-a-m : h-m-r-n-m : k-[r-t-m] !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-/v-u-šToken span 12–12 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 47100% confidence

𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐏒𐏒𐏒𐏒𐏑 𐏐 𐎼𐎢𐎨𐎲𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎰𐎣𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎺[𐎰𐎠𐏁]𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺

: m-a-h-y-a : 2-2-2-2-1 : r-u-c-b-i-š : ϑ-k-t-a : a-h : a-v-[ϑ-a-š]-a-m : h-m-r-n-m : k-r-t-m : p-s-a-vToken span 16–16 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 57100% confidence

𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎯𐎢𐎻𐎡𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎷/𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹𐎠

k-r-t-m !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : p-t-i-y : du-u-vi-i-t-i-y-m : h-mi-/i-ç-i-y-aToken span 1–1 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 62100% confidence

𐏐 𐎪𐎡𐎹𐎶𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠𐏁𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎺𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎿

: ji-i-y-m-n-m : p-t-i-y : a-v-ϑ-a-š-a-m : h-m-r-n-m : k-r-t-m : p-s-a-v : v-u-mi-i-sToken span 10–10 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 92100% confidence

𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎠[𐎭]𐎡𐎹 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰[𐎡]𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎰𐎺 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎺𐎼/𐎣𐎠𐎴

: k-r-t-m : m-a-[d]-i-y !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-[i]-y : p-r-ϑ-v : u-t-a : v-r-/k-a-nToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB2. · 98100% confidence

𐏐 [𐎠𐎩 𐏐 𐎺𐎿𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎻]𐎡𐎹𐎧𐎴𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶[𐎠]𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 [𐏔𐏒 𐏐 𐎼𐎢𐎨𐎲𐎡𐏁 𐏐] 𐎰𐎣𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠𐏁𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶

: [a-j : v-s-i-y : vi]-i-y-x-n-h-y : m-[a]-h-y-a : [20-2 : r-u-c-b-i-š :] ϑ-k-t-a : a-h : a-v-ϑ-a-š-a-m : h-m-r-n-m : k-r-t-mToken span 22–22 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 8100% confidence

𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐏑 𐏐 𐎼𐎢𐎨 𐏐 𐎰𐎣𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠𐏁𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎣/𐎼𐎫𐎶

: m-a-h-y-a : 1 : r-u-c : ϑ-k-t-m : a-h : a-v-ϑ-a-š-a-m : h-m-r-n-m : k-/r-t-mToken span 16–16 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 10100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺 𐏐 𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎰𐎺𐎡𐎹 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢/𐏁

: a-b-v : i-m : t-y : m-n-a : k-r-t-m : p-r-ϑ-v-i-y !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-/šToken span 10–10 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 19100% confidence

𐏐 𐎰𐎣𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠𐏁𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢/𐏁

: ϑ-k-t-a : a-h : a-v-ϑ-a-š-a-m : h-m-r-n-m : k-r-t-m !! : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-/šToken span 10–10 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.28.13

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.28.13.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DNa (Q007152) · Q007152.48.9

Documented dictionary attestation in DNa (Q007152), Q007152.48.9.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DNb (Q007153) · Q007153.29.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DNb (Q007153), Q007153.29.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSe (Q007171) · Q007171.44.4

Documented dictionary attestation in DSe (Q007171), Q007171.44.4.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSf (Q007172) · Q007172.57.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DSf (Q007172), Q007172.57.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSj (Q007175) · Q007175.5.21

Documented dictionary attestation in DSj (Q007175), Q007175.5.21.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSs (Q007181) · Q007181.8.9

Documented dictionary attestation in DSs (Q007181), Q007181.8.9.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSz (Q007187) · Q007187.24.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DSz (Q007187), Q007187.24.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSab (Q007189) · Q007189.4.21

Documented dictionary attestation in DSab (Q007189), Q007189.4.21.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPa (Q007209) · Q007209.14.2

Documented dictionary attestation in XPa (Q007209), Q007209.14.2.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPb (Q007210) · Q007210.23.7

Documented dictionary attestation in XPb (Q007210), Q007210.23.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPc (Q007211) · Q007211.13.7

Documented dictionary attestation in XPc (Q007211), Q007211.13.7.View source