Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎤𐎢𐎼𐎢𐏁
Attested in Old Persian

Cyrus II, king of Persia

Lemma
Kuru
Transliteration
ku-u-r-u-š
Transcription
Kuruš

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for Kuruš; English gloss: Cyrus II, king of Persia.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎤 ku Phonogram
  2. 𐎢 u Phonogram
  3. 𐎼 ra Phonogram
  4. 𐎢 u Phonogram
  5. 𐏁 ša Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

9 occurrences
DMa · 3100% confidence

[........... 𐏐 𐎤] 𐎢(𐎽)[+]𐏁 𐏐 [......] 𐎹 𐏐 𐎹 /[.....]

[........... : ku]-u-(ru)-š : [........]-y : y -[........]Token span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 28100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎲𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎤𐎢𐎼𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐎠𐎶𐎠𐎧𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎢𐎶𐎠𐎹/𐎠

: a-b-v-m : k-b-u-ji-i-y : n-a-m : ku-u-r-u-š : p-u-ç : a-m-a-x-m : t-u-m-a-y-/aToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 39100% confidence

[𐏐 𐎠]𐎯𐎢𐎽𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎲𐎼𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎤𐎢𐎼𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐎣𐎲𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎲𐎼/[𐎠]𐎫𐎠

[: a]-du-u-ru-u-ji-i-y : a-d-m : b-r-di-i-y : a-mi-i-y : h-y : ku-u-r-u-š : p-u-ç : k-b-u-ji-i-y-h-y-a : b-r-/[a]-t-aToken span 12–12 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 53100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎤𐎢𐎼𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐎣𐏁𐎨𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎼𐏁𐎴𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎨𐎡𐏁𐎨𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎰𐎿𐎫𐎴/𐎡𐎹

: a-mi-i-y : h-y : ku-u-r-u-š : p-u-ç : k-š-c-i-y : n-i-y : a-d-r-š-n-u-š : c-i-š-c-i-y : ϑ-s-t-n-/i-yToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB3. · 25100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎰𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎲𐎼𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎤𐎢𐎼𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺

: a-ϑ-h : a-d-m : b-r-di-i-y : a-mi-i-y : h-y : ku-u-r-u-š : p-u-ç : p-s-a-vToken span 12–12 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB4. · 9100% confidence

𐎲𐎼𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 [𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎤𐎢]𐎼𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐏃/𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹𐎶

b-r-di-i-y : a-mi-i-y [: h-y : ku-u]-r-u-š : p-u-ç : h-u-v : p-a-r-s-m : h-/mi-i-ç-i-y-mToken span 7–7 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB4. · 27100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎺[𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎰𐏃] 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎲𐎼𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎤𐎢/𐎼𐎢𐏁

: a-v-[ϑ-a : a-ϑ-h] : a-d-m : b-r-di-i-y : a-mi-i-y : h-y : ku-u-/r-u-šToken span 14–14 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DBb · 5100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎤/𐎢𐎼𐎢𐏁

: a-mi-i-y : h-y : ku-/u-r-u-šToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DBh · 6100% confidence

𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎤/𐎢𐎼𐎢𐏁

: h-y : ku-/u-r-u-šToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.29.9

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.29.9.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBb (Q007136) · Q007136.5.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DBb (Q007136), Q007136.5.7.View source