Xerxes I, Persepolis (XPl)
XPlXerxes I, Persepolis (XPl) is a published Old Persian inscription record in the authorized TITUS corpus snapshot. The siglum XPl identifies this exact text record.
Machine-generated and unreviewedVerified catalog identification
Identifiers and diplomatic text layers are retained from the authorized corpus snapshot.
Machine-generated and unreviewed- Ruler
- Xerxes I Machine-generated and unreviewed
- Place
- Persepolis Machine-generated and unreviewed
- Date / period
- Achaemenid period, 486–465 BCE Machine-generated and unreviewed
- Lines
- 56
Full inscription reading
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Published lines
56 lines
Line 1 𐎲𐎥 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎶
b-g : v-z-r-k : a-u-r-m-z-d-a : h-y : a-d-a : i-m-m
Machine-generated and unreviewedgod · great · Ahuramazdā · who · make · this (here)
Audio reading of line 1
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 2 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎳𐎼[𐏁]𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎺𐎡𐎴𐎫<𐎡>𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎠/𐎫𐎡𐎶
: f-r-[š]-m : t-y : v-i-n-t-<i>-y : h-y : a-d-a : š-i-y-a-/t-i-m
Machine-generated and unreviewedwonderful, glorious · so that · see · who · make · happiness
Audio reading of line 2
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 3 Editorial restoration𐏐 [𐎶𐎼]𐎫𐎡𐎹𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎧𐎼𐎬𐎢[𐎶] 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠
: [m-r]-t-i-y-h-y-a : h-y : x-r-tu-u-[m] : u-t-a
Machine-generated and unreviewedman · who · strength of mind · and
Audio reading of line 3
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 4 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎠𐎽𐎢𐎺𐎿𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎢𐎱𐎼[𐎡𐎹] 𐏐 𐎧𐏁[𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁]𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁/𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎶
: a-ru-u-v-s-t-m : u-p-r-[i-y] : x-š-[y-a-r-š]-a-m : x-š-/a-y-ϑ-i-y-m
Machine-generated and unreviewedprowess · above · Xerxes I, king of Persia · king
Audio reading of line 4
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 5 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎴[𐎡𐎹𐎿𐎹 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎹]𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠
: n-[i-y-s-y : ϑ-a-t-i-y : x-š-y]-a-r-š-a
Machine-generated and unreviewedgrant? · say · Xerxes I, king of Persia
Audio reading of line 5
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 6 Editorial restoration𐏐 [𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠]𐏃𐎠 𐏐 𐎠[𐎭]𐎶
: [x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : v-š-n-a : a-u-r-m-z-d-a]-h-a : a-[d]-m
Machine-generated and unreviewedking · will · Ahuramazdā · I
Audio reading of line 6
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 7 Editorial restoration[𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎠𐎣𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎠]𐏃𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎼[𐎠𐎿𐎫]𐎶 𐏐 𐎭𐎢𐏁/[𐎫𐎠
[: a-v-a-k-r-m : a]-h-mi-i-y : t-y : r-[a-s-t]-m : d-u-š-/[t-a
Machine-generated and unreviewedof such a kind · be · so that · right · well-disposed · well-disposed
Audio reading of line 7
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 8 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎷]𐎡𐎰 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎢𐏁[𐎫𐎠] 𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎷[𐎡]/𐎹
: a-h-mi-i-y : mi]-i-ϑ : n-i-y : d-u-š-[t-a] : a-h-mi-[i]-/y
Machine-generated and unreviewedbe · injustice · not · well-disposed · be
Audio reading of line 8
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 9 Editorial restoration𐏐 [𐎴𐎡𐎶𐎠 𐏐 𐎣]𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎿𐎣𐎢𐎰𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎬𐎢𐎵𐎢[𐎺]/𐎫[𐏃]𐎹[𐎠
: [n-i-m-a : k]-a-m : t-y : s-k-u-ϑ-i-š : tu-u-nu-u-[v]-/t-[h]-y-[a
Machine-generated and unreviewednot · wish · so that · weak · strong
Audio reading of line 9
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 10 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎼]𐎠𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎷𐎡𐎰 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎡𐎹[𐎡𐏁 𐏐] 𐎴𐎡[𐎶𐎠]
: r]-a-di-i-y : mi-i-ϑ : k-r-i-y-[i-š :] n-i-[m-a]
Machine-generated and unreviewedbecause of · injustice · do · not
Audio reading of line 10
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 11 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎠[𐎺 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎶] 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎬𐎢𐎵𐎢𐎺𐎠 𐏐 𐎿𐎣𐎢[𐎰𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎼]/𐎠𐎮[𐎡𐎹
: a-[v : k-a-m] : t-y : tu-u-nu-u-v-a : s-k-u-[ϑ-i-š : r]-/a-di-[i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedthat one · wish · so that · strong · weak · because of
Audio reading of line 11
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 12 Editorial restoration𐏐] 𐎷𐎡𐎰 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎡𐎹𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎼𐎠[𐎿𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎠]/[𐎺]
:] mi-i-ϑ : k-r-i-y-i-š : t-y : r-a-[s-t-m : a]-/[v]
Machine-generated and unreviewedinjustice · do · so that · right · that one
Audio reading of line 12
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 13 Editorial restoration𐏐 [𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐] 𐎣𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎭𐎼𐎢𐎩𐎴[𐎶 𐏐 𐎴𐎡]/𐎹
: [m-a-m :] k-a-m : m-r-t-i-y-m : d-r-u-j-n-[m : n-i]-/y
Machine-generated and unreviewedme, mine · wish · man · believer in falsehood · not
Audio reading of line 13
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 14 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎭𐎢[𐏁𐎫]𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎶[𐎴𐎢𐎻𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎠]/𐏃𐎷𐎡𐎹
: d-u-[š-t]-a : a-h-mi-i-y : n-i-y : m-[n-u-vi-i-š : a]-/h-mi-i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedwell-disposed · be · not · hot-blooded · be
Audio reading of line 14
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
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This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
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Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 15 DamagedEditorial restoration𐏐 𐎹𐎨𐎶𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎫𐎴𐎠𐎹𐎠 [𐏐 𐎲𐎺𐎫]𐎡[𐎹 𐏐]
: y-c-m-i-y : p-r-t-n-a-y-a [: b-v-t]-i-[y :]
Machine-generated and unreviewedwhich · strife · be, become · []]
Audio reading of line 15
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 16 Editorial restoration𐎭𐎼𐏁𐎶 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐏃𐎹[𐎠 𐏐 𐎢𐎺𐎡]𐎱𐏁𐎡/𐎹𐏃𐎹𐎠
d-r-š-m : d-a-r-y-a-mi-i-y : m-n-h-y-[a : u-v-i]-p-š-i-/y-h-y-a
Machine-generated and unreviewedever so much · hold · thought · possession
Audio reading of line 16
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
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Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 17 Editorial restoration[𐏐 𐎭𐎼]𐏁𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎶𐎴 𐏐 𐎠[𐏃𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐] 𐎶𐎼𐎫[𐎡]/𐎹
[: d-r]-š-m : x-š-y-m-n : a-[h-mi-i-y :] m-r-t-[i]-/y
Machine-generated and unreviewedever so much · rule · be · man · man
Audio reading of line 17
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 18 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐏃𐎹 [𐏐 𐏃𐎫𐎧]𐏁𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎵𐎢[𐎺 𐏐 𐏃𐎣𐎼]𐎫𐏃𐎹[𐎠]
: h-y [: h-t-x]-š-t-i-y : a-nu-u-[v : h-k-r]-t-h-y-[a]
Machine-generated and unreviewedwho · cooperate · according to · reciprocate
Audio reading of line 18
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 19 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎰<𐎠>𐎮[𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎼]𐎡𐎲𐎼𐎠[𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎻]𐎡𐎴𐎠/𐎰𐎹𐎫𐎡𐎹
: a-v-ϑ-<a>-di-[i-m : p-r]-i-b-r-a-[mi-i-y : h-y : vi]-i-n-a-/ϑ-y-t-i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedso · care for · who · perish
Audio reading of line 19
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 20 Editorial restoration[𐏐 𐎠𐎵𐎢𐎮𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎴𐎿𐎫𐏃𐎹𐎠] 𐏐 𐎱𐎼𐎿/𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹
[: a-nu-u-di-i-m : vi-i-n-s-t-h-y-a] : p-r-s-/a-mi-i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedaccording to · perish · ask · ask
Audio reading of line 20
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 21 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎴[𐎡𐎶𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡]𐎹 𐏐 𐎻𐎡/𐎴𐎠𐎰𐎹𐎡𐏁
: n-[i-m-a : k-a-m : t-y : m-r-t-i]-y : vi-i-/n-a-ϑ-y-i-š
Machine-generated and unreviewednot · wish · so that · man · perish
Audio reading of line 21
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 22 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎴[𐎡𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎶𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎣]𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎹𐎮𐎡/𐎹
: n-[i-p-t-i-m-a : a-v : k]-a-m : y-di-i-/y
Machine-generated and unreviewednot · that one · wish · if
Audio reading of line 22
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 23 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎴𐎠𐎰𐎹[𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎰𐎡𐎹]𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎶𐎼/𐎫𐎡𐎹
: vi-i-n-a-ϑ-y-[i-š : n-i-y : f-r-ϑ-i-y]-i-š : m-r-/t-i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedperish · not · ask · man
Audio reading of line 23
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 24 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐎱[𐎼𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎹]𐎶 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹
: h-y : u-p-[r-i-y : m-r-t-i-y]-m : ϑ-a-t-i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedwho · above · man · say
Audio reading of line 24
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 25 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎴[𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎺𐎼𐎴𐎺𐎫𐎡]𐎹 𐏐 𐎹𐎠𐎫𐎠 𐏐
: a-v : m-a-m : n-[i-y : v-r-n-v-t-i]-y : y-a-t-a :
Machine-generated and unreviewedthat one · me, mine · not · choose · while
Audio reading of line 25
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 26 Damaged𐎢𐎲𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎯𐎢𐎥𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎧𐏁𐎵𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎼/𐎫𐎡𐎹
u-b-a-n-a-m : h-du-u-g-a-m : a-x-š-nu-u-mi-i-y : m-r-/t-i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedboth · report · hear · man
Audio reading of line 26
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 27 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎤𐎴𐎢𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎹𐎮𐎡𐎺𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎼𐎫𐎡/𐎹
: t-y : ku-n-u-t-i-y : y-di-i-v-a : a-b-r-t-i-/y
Machine-generated and unreviewedso that · [ku-n-u-t-i-y] · if · gather
Audio reading of line 27
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 28 𐏐 𐎠𐎵𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎫𐎢𐎶𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎴𐎠𐏁𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎵𐎢𐎫
: a-nu-u-v : t-u-m-a : a-v-n-a-š-i-y : x-š-nu-u-t
Machine-generated and unreviewedaccording to · strength · that one · satisfy
Audio reading of line 28
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 29 𐏐 𐎲𐎺𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐎫<𐎠> 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎺𐎿𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠
: b-v-a-mi-i-y : u-t-<a> : m-a-m : v-s-i-y : k-a-m : u-t-a
Machine-generated and unreviewedbe, become · and · me, mine · very · wish · and
Audio reading of line 29
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 30 Damaged𐏐 𐎢𐎰𐎯𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎺𐎿𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎭𐎠𐎷/𐎡𐎹
: u-ϑ-du-u-š : a-h-mi-i-y : u-t-a : v-s-i-y : d-d-a-mi-/i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedwell-pleased · be · and · very · give
Audio reading of line 30
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 31 𐏐 𐎠𐎥𐎼𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎶<𐎼>𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎠/𐎣𐎼𐎶<𐎨𐎶𐎡>𐎹
: a-g-r-i-y-a-n-a-m : m-<r>-t-i-y-a-n-a-m : a-v-a-/k-r-m-<c-m-i>-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedloyal · man · of such a kind
Audio reading of line 31
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 32 𐏐 𐎢𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠𐎶/𐎡𐎹
: u-š-i-y-a : u-t-a : f-r-m-a-n-a : y-ϑ-a-m-/i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedear · and · command · as
Audio reading of line 32
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 33 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎺𐎡𐎴𐎠𐏃𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎹𐎮𐎡𐎺𐎠 𐏐 𐎠/𐎧𐏁𐎴𐎺𐎠𐏃𐎡𐎹
: t-y : k-r-t-m : v-i-n-a-h-i-y : y-di-i-v-a : a-/x-š-n-v-a-h-i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedso that · do · see · if · hear
Audio reading of line 33
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 34 Damaged𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎿𐎱/𐎠𐎹𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎹𐎠
: u-t-a : vi-i-ϑ-i-y-a : u-t-a : s-p-/a-y-t-i-y-y-a
Machine-generated and unreviewedand · house · and · field camp
Audio reading of line 34
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 35 𐏐 𐎠𐎡𐎫𐎶𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎽𐎢𐎺𐎿𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎢𐎱𐎼/𐎡𐎹
: a-i-t-m-i-y : a-ru-u-v-s-t-m : u-p-r-/i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedthis · prowess · above
Audio reading of line 35
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 36 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎿𐎨𐎠 𐏐 𐎢𐏁𐎡𐎨𐎠 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎶𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎽/𐎢𐎺𐎿𐎫𐎶
: m-n-s-c-a : u-š-i-c-a : i-m-p-t-i-m-i-y : a-ru-/u-v-s-t-m
Machine-generated and unreviewedthought · ear · this (here) · prowess
Audio reading of line 36
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 37 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎶𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎫𐎵𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎫𐎠𐎺𐎹𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃/𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎣𐎼
: t-y-m-i-y : t-nu-u-š : t-a-v-y-t-i-y : h-/m-r-n-k-r
Machine-generated and unreviewedwho · body · be strong · battle fighter
Audio reading of line 37
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 38 𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐏁𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎣𐎼 𐏐 𐏃𐎣𐎼𐎶𐎶/𐎡𐎹
: a-h-mi-i-y : u-š-h-m-r-n-k-r : h-k-r-m-m-/i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedbe · good battle fighter · suddenly
Audio reading of line 38
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 39 Damaged𐏐 𐎢𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎥𐎠𐎰𐎺𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐏁𐎫𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎹𐎨𐎡𐎹
: u-š-i-y-a : g-a-ϑ-v-a : h-š-t-t-y : y-c-i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedear · throne stand · set down · if
Audio reading of line 39
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 40 𐏐 𐎺𐎡𐎴𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎹𐎨𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐
: v-i-n-a-mi-i-y : h-mi-i-ç-i-y-m : y-c-i-y : n-i-y :
Machine-generated and unreviewedsee · treacherous · if · not
Audio reading of line 40
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.