Darius I, Bisotun (DB5.)
DB5.Darius I, Bisotun (DB5.) is a published Old Persian inscription record in the authorized TITUS corpus snapshot. The siglum DB5. identifies this exact text record.
Machine-generated and unreviewedVerified catalog identification
Identifiers and diplomatic text layers are retained from the authorized corpus snapshot.
Machine-generated and unreviewed- Ruler
- Darius I Machine-generated and unreviewed
- Place
- Bisotun Machine-generated and unreviewed
- Date / period
- Achaemenid period, 522–486 BCE Machine-generated and unreviewed
- Lines
- 36
Full inscription reading
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Published lines
36 lines
Line 1 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫[𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭]𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 [𐏐] 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐
: ϑ-a-t-[i-y : d]-a-r-y-v-u-š [:] x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y :
Machine-generated and unreviewedsay · Darius · king
Audio reading of line 1
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 2 Editorial restoration𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎫[𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎭]𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺[𐎶 𐏐] 𐎯𐎢𐎻𐎡𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎠/𐎶𐎨
i-m : t-[y : a-d]-m : a-ku-u-n-v-[m :] du-u-vi-i-t-i-y-a-/m-c
Machine-generated and unreviewedthis (here) · so that · I · do · second
Audio reading of line 2
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 3 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐏂(𐎡𐎫)[𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎶 𐏐] 𐎰𐎼𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎿[𐎠]𐎺 𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹/𐎰𐎡𐎹
: ç-(i-t)-[i-y-a-m :] ϑ-r-d-m : p-s-[a]-v : y-ϑ-a : x-š-a-y-/ϑ-i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedthird · year · after · as · king
Audio reading of line 3
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 4 Editorial restoration𐏐 [𐎠𐎲𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎢]𐎺𐎩 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶(𐎠) 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐏃𐎢/𐎺
: [a-b-v-m : u]-v-j : n-a-m-(a) : d-h-y-a-u-š : h-u-/v
Machine-generated and unreviewedbe, become · Elam · name · land · that one
Audio reading of line 4
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 5 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐏃[𐎷𐎡𐏂𐎡𐎹]𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺 𐏐 [𐏑 𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎹] 𐏐 (𐎠)𐎰𐎶𐎡𐎫 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎢/𐎺𐎪𐎡𐎹
: h-[mi-i-ç-i-y]-a : a-b-v : [1 m-r-t-i-y] : (a)-ϑ-m-i-t : n-a-m : u-/v-ji-i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedtreacherous · be, become · man · man · Elamite leader · name
Audio reading of line 5
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 6 Editorial restoration[𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎶]𐎰𐎡𐏁𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎠[𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺]𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎠𐎭/𐎶
[: a-v-m : m]-ϑ-i-š-t-m : a-[ku-u-n-v]-t-a : p-s-a-v : a-d-/m
Machine-generated and unreviewedthat one · greatest · do · after · I · I
Audio reading of line 6
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 7 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎣𐎠[𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎡𐏁]𐎹𐎶 𐏐 [𐏑 𐎶𐎼𐎫]𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎥𐎢𐎲𐎽𐎢𐎺 𐏐
: k-a-[r-m : f-r-a-i-š]-y-m : [1 m-r-t]-i-y : g-u-b-ru-u-v :
Machine-generated and unreviewedpeople · send · man · man · Gobryas, son of Mardonius, servant of Darius I
Audio reading of line 7
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 8 Editorial restoration𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎱[𐎠𐎼𐎿 𐏐 𐎶]𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎲𐎭𐎣 𐏐 𐎠[𐎺𐎶𐏁]𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎰𐎡𐏁𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢/𐎴𐎺𐎶
n-a-m : p-[a-r-s : m]-n-a : b-d-k : a-[v-m-š]-a-m : m-ϑ-i-š-t-m : a-ku-u-/n-v-m
Machine-generated and unreviewedname · Persia; Persian · me, mine · vassal · that one · greatest · do
Audio reading of line 8
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 9 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎱[𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐] 𐎥𐎢𐎲𐎽𐎢𐎺 𐏐 [𐏃𐎭𐎠] 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎺 𐏐
: p-[s-a-v :] g-u-b-ru-u-v : [h-d-a] : k-a-r-a : a-š-i-y-v :
Machine-generated and unreviewedafter · Gobryas, son of Mardonius, servant of Darius I · (together) with · people · move
Audio reading of line 9
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 10 Editorial restoration𐎢𐎺𐎩𐎶 [𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴𐎶] 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐏃[𐎭]𐎠 𐏐 𐎢𐎺𐎪𐎡𐎹𐎡𐎲𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎱𐎿/𐎠𐎺
u-v-j-m [: h-m-r-n-m] : a-ku-u-n-u-š : h-[d]-a : u-v-ji-i-y-i-b-i-š : p-s-/a-v
Machine-generated and unreviewedElam · fight · do · (together) with · Elamite · after
Audio reading of line 10
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 11 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎥[𐎢𐎲𐎽]𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎢𐎺𐎪𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎩 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎹𐎶𐎼𐎭 𐏐
: g-[u-b-ru]-u-v : u-v-ji-i-y-a : a-j : u-t-a : vi-i-y-m-r-d :
Machine-generated and unreviewedGobryas, son of Mardonius, servant of Darius I · Elamite · beat · and · wear down
Audio reading of line 11
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 12 Editorial restoration𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 [𐎫𐎹𐎶𐏁𐎠]𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎰[𐎡𐏁𐎫𐎶 𐏐] 𐎠𐎥𐎼𐎲𐎠𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎴𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎡/𐎹
u-t-a : [t-y-m-š-a]-m : m-ϑ-[i-š-t-m :] a-g-r-b-a-y : a-n-y : a-b-i-/y
Machine-generated and unreviewedand · who · greatest · seize · lead, bring · to
Audio reading of line 12
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 13 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎶 [𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺𐏁𐎡]𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭[𐎶] 𐏐 [𐎠𐎺𐎠]𐎩𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠/𐎢𐏁
: m-a-m [: p-s-a-v-š-i]-m : a-d-[m] : [a-v-a]-j-n-m : p-s-a-v : d-h-y-a-/u-š
Machine-generated and unreviewedme, mine · after · I · kill · after · land
Audio reading of line 13
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
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This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
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Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 14 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎶𐎴[𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺] !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫[𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠]𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡/𐎹
: m-n-[a : a-b-v] !! : ϑ-a-t-[i-y : d-a]-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-/y
Machine-generated and unreviewedme, mine · be, become · say · Darius · king
Audio reading of line 14
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 15 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎡𐎹 𐏐 [𐎢]𐎺[𐎪]𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 [𐎠𐎼𐎡𐎣𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐] 𐎢𐎫𐎠𐏁𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶/𐏀𐎭𐎠
: a-v-i-y : [u]-v-[ji]-i-y-a : [a-r-i-k-a : a-h :] u-t-a-š-a-m : a-u-r-m-/z-d-a
Machine-generated and unreviewedthat one · Elamite · faithless · be · and · Ahuramazdā
Audio reading of line 15
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
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Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 16 Editorial restoration𐏐 [𐎴𐎡]𐎹 𐏐 [𐎠𐎹]𐎮[𐎡]𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎢[𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠]𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎹𐎭𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠/𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀[𐎭𐎠]𐏃
: [n-i]-y : [a-y]-di-[i]-y : a-u-[r-m-z-d-a]-m : a-y-d-i-y : v-š-n-a : a-/u-r-m-z-[d-a]-h
Machine-generated and unreviewednot · worship · Ahuramazdā · worship · will · Ahuramazdā
Audio reading of line 16
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 17 Editorial restoration[𐏐 𐎹](𐎰𐎠) 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎶 [𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺]𐎰𐎠𐎮𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎶
[: y]-(ϑ-a) : m-a-m [: k-a-m : a-v]-ϑ-a-di-i-š : a-ku-u-n-v-m
Machine-generated and unreviewedas · me, mine · wish · so · do · do
Audio reading of line 17
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 18 Editorial restoration!! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫[𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼]𐎹𐎺𐎢[𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹]𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠/𐎶
!! : ϑ-a-t-[i-y : d-a-r]-y-v-u-[š : x-š-a-y]-ϑ-i-y : h-y : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-/m
Machine-generated and unreviewedsay · Darius · king · who · Ahuramazdā · Ahuramazdā
Audio reading of line 18
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 19 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎹𐎭[𐎠𐎫𐎡]𐎹 𐏐 𐎹𐎠[𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐏃𐎹𐎠] 𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎪𐎡𐎺𐏃/𐎹𐎠
: y-d-[a-t-i]-y : y-a-[n-m : a-v-h-y-a] : a-h-t-i-y : u-t-a : ji-i-v-h-/y-a
Machine-generated and unreviewedworship · prayer · that one · be · and · alive
Audio reading of line 19
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
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Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 20 Editorial restoration[𐏐] 𐎢[𐎫𐎠 𐏐] 𐎶𐎼𐎫𐏃𐎹𐎠 !! [𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡]𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁/𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹
[:] u-[t-a :] m-r-t-h-y-a !! [: ϑ-a-t-i]-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-/a-y-ϑ-i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedand · dead · say · Darius · king · king
Audio reading of line 20
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 21 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎱[𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐏃𐎭]𐎠 𐏐 𐎣[𐎠𐎼𐎠 𐏐 𐎠]𐎭𐎶 𐏐 [𐎠𐏁]𐎡𐎹𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎿𐎣/𐎠𐎶
: p-[s-a-v : h-d]-a : k-[a-r-a : a]-d-m : [a-š]-i-y-v-m : a-b-i-y : s-k-/a-m
Machine-generated and unreviewedafter · (together) with · people · I · move · to · Scythian
Audio reading of line 21
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 22 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎱𐎿[𐎠]𐎺 [𐏐 𐎿[𐎣𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎹]𐎡(𐎹) [𐏐] 𐎧𐎢[𐎭𐎠]𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎡𐎥𐎼𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎲𐎼𐎫𐎡/𐎹
: p-s-[a]-v [: s-[k-a : t-y]-i-(y) [:] x-u-[d-a]-m : t-i-g-r-a-m : b-r-t-i-/y
Machine-generated and unreviewedafter · Scythian · who · cap · pointed · carry
Audio reading of line 22
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 23 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎡[𐎶𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐏁 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠]𐎡𐏁 [𐏐 𐎹](𐎮)𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎼𐎹 𐏐 𐎠/𐎺𐎠[𐎼𐎿𐎶
: i-[m-i-y : p-t-i-š : m-a-m : a]-i-š [: y]-(di)-i-y : a-b-i-y : d-r-y : a-/v-a-[r-s-m
Machine-generated and unreviewedthis (here) · against · me, mine · come, go · if · to · sea · come down to
Audio reading of line 23
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 24 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎭]𐎼𐎧[𐎫]𐎠 𐏐[ 𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐏃𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎼]𐎠 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎿𐎠 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎹𐎫𐎼/𐎹𐎶
: d]-r-x-[t]-a :[ a-v : h-d-a : k-a-r]-a : vi-i-s-a : vi-i-y-t-r-/y-m
Machine-generated and unreviewedlumber · that one · (together) with · people · full · overcome
Audio reading of line 24
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 25 Editorial restoration[𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺] 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎡𐎹 [𐏐] 𐎿𐎣[𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶] 𐏐 𐎠𐎩𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎴𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎥/𐎼𐎲𐎠𐎹
[: p-s-a-v] : a-v-i-y [:] s-k-[a : a-d-m] : a-j-n-m : a-n-i-y-m : a-g-/r-b-a-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedafter · that one · Scythian · I · beat · other · seize · seize
Audio reading of line 25
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 26 Editorial restoration[𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐎺 𐏐 𐎲]𐎿𐎫 [𐏐 𐎠𐎴𐎹𐎫𐎠] 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎢𐎫/𐎠𐏁[𐎠𐎶
[: h-u-v : b]-s-t [: a-n-y-t-a] : a-b-i-y : m-a-m : u-t-/a-š-[a-m
Machine-generated and unreviewedthat one · bind · lead, bring · to · me, mine · and · and
Audio reading of line 26
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
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Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 27 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐] (𐎶𐎰)𐎡𐏁𐎫 [𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐] 𐎿[𐎤]𐎢𐎧 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎥/𐎼𐎲𐎠[𐎹
: h-y :] (m-ϑ)-i-š-t [: a-h :] s-[ku]-u-x : n-a-m : a-v-m : a-g-/r-b-a-[y
Machine-generated and unreviewedwho · greatest · be · Scythian chiefian · name · that one · seize
Audio reading of line 27
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 28 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎲𐎿𐎫]𐎶 [𐏐] 𐎠𐎴𐎹 [𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎶] 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎴𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎰/𐎡𐏁𐎫[𐎶]
: b-s-t]-m [:] a-n-y [: a-b-i-y : m-a-m] : a-v-d-a : a-n-i-y-m : m-ϑ-/i-š-t-[m]
Machine-generated and unreviewedbind · lead, bring · to · me, mine · then · other · greatest
Audio reading of line 28
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 29 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎹[𐎰𐎠 𐏐] 𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 [𐎣]𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎭/𐏃𐎹𐎠[𐎢𐏁
: a-ku-u-n-v-m : y-[ϑ-a :] m-a-m : [k]-a-m : a-h : p-s-a-v : d-/h-y-a-[u-š
Machine-generated and unrevieweddo · as · me, mine · wish · be · after · land
Audio reading of line 29
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 30 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎶]𐎴𐎠 [𐏐 𐎠]𐎲𐎺 !! [𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡]𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹/𐎰𐎡[𐎹
: m]-n-a [: a]-b-v !! [: ϑ-a-t-i]-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-/ϑ-i-[y
Machine-generated and unreviewedme, mine · be, become · say · Darius · king
Audio reading of line 30
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 31 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎡𐎹 𐏐] 𐎿[𐎣]𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎡[𐎣𐎠 𐏐 𐎠]𐏃 [𐏐] 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭/𐎠[𐏁𐎠𐎶
: a-v-i-y :] s-[k]-a : a-r-i-[k-a : a]-h [:] u-t-a : n-i-y : a-u-r-m-z-d-/a-[š-a-m
Machine-generated and unreviewedthat one · Scythian · faithless · be · and · not · Ahuramazdā
Audio reading of line 31
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 32 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎠𐎹]𐎮𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶[𐏀]𐎭[𐎠𐎶 𐏐] 𐎠𐎹𐎭𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶/𐏀𐎭𐎠[𐏃
: a-y]-di-i-y : a-u-r-m-[z]-d-[a-m :] a-y-d-i-y : v-š-n-a : a-u-r-m-/z-d-a-[h
Machine-generated and unreviewedworship · Ahuramazdā · worship · will · Ahuramazdā
Audio reading of line 32
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
Download audioHaman-Ava rights
Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 33 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎹]𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎠𐎶 𐏐 [𐎠𐎺𐎰𐎠𐎮𐎡]𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎶 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫/𐎡𐎹
: y]-ϑ-a : m-a-m : k-a-m : [a-v-ϑ-a-di-i]-š : a-ku-u-n-v-m !! : ϑ-a-t-/i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedas · me, mine · wish · so · do · say
Audio reading of line 33
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 34 Editorial restoration[𐏐 𐎭𐎠]𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 [𐏐 𐎧]𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 [𐏐 𐏃𐎹] 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎹𐎭𐎠𐎫/𐎡𐎹
[: d-a]-r-y-v-u-š [: x]-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y [: h-y] : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-m : y-d-a-t-/i-y
Machine-generated and unreviewedDarius · king · who · Ahuramazdā · worship · worship
Audio reading of line 34
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 35 Editorial restoration𐏐 [𐎠𐎺𐏃𐎹]𐎠 𐏐 [𐎹𐎠𐎴]𐎶 𐏐 [𐎠𐏃𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐] 𐎢𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎪𐎡𐎺𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎢𐎫𐎠
: [a-v-h-y]-a : [y-a-n]-m : [a-h-t-i-y :] u-t-a : ji-i-v-h-y-a : u-t-a
Machine-generated and unreviewedthat one · prayer · be · and · alive · and
Audio reading of line 35
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.
Line 36 Editorial restoration𐏐 𐎶[𐎼𐎫𐏃𐎹]𐎠
: m-[r-t-h-y]-a
Machine-generated and unrevieweddead
Audio reading of line 36
Synthetic, approximate readingMissing or unreadable parts use a sound cue and an English announcement; reconstructed readings are also announced in English. Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review.
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Listening guide
This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:
- A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
- The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
- Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.
Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.
Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system
This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.
Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:
Text source, rights and permission
The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.
TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.