The Spartacus uprising began in 73 BC. Spartacus was from the north of the Aegean Sea and from Thrace. He was captured by the Roman army in a war and then joined the gladiators. In Rome at the training center for gladiators (in which they prepared the slaves to fight with each other) was working. Following the oppression of slaves in ancient Rome, Spartacus started a massive uprising and achieved victories in the way of liberating this group..
The defeat of Spartacus : The message of Spartacus' anti-slavery uprising quickly spread throughout Italy. The slaves, in the surrounding countries, rioted and killed their masters and burned their houses and warehouses.. Thousands of slaves, of different colors and races, joined the army of Spartacus and fought under his leadership. The Roman Senate sent several troops against them, but the slaves defeated all these troops. In this way, Spartacus persisted for several years against the organized and well-equipped Roman army.
At the end of the uprising, Marcus Licinius Crassus took command of the Roman army to crush the slave revolution.. He defeated Spartacus in a tough battle in 71 BC.
Spartacus was crucified along with more than 6,000 people and his rebellion ended, even though none of his companions were willing to introduce him to the Romans.. However, 5,000 slaves also escaped capture. Although Spartacus died, there came a time in the future when the walls of Rome were destroyed by the slaves and serfs and peasants and barbarians who joined them..
Source
Izadi, Hossein, Spartacus, Tehran, Companion book, 2006.
What you read below is part of the Spartacus novel :
Spartacus, the Roman slave, and the leader of the anti-slavery revolution, was originally a Thracian, who was trained in gladiatorial training in Rome. (in which they prepared the slaves for war with each other) was working. In 73 BC, this anti-slavery school led an uprising and the news quickly spread throughout Italy, thousands of slaves of all colors and races were under the leadership of Spartacus.. The Roman Senate sent several troops against them, but all these troops were crushed by the slaves. Then Marcus Lysius Nios Crassus took the command of the Roman troops to crush the slave revolution and in 71 BC he defeated Spartacus in a fierce battle, Spartacus was killed and the slaves were covered in blood and dust.. What you are reading below is an adaptation of the interesting and charming novel Spartacus written by the famous American author Howard Faust. (۱۹۱۴) Translated by Ibrahim Yunsi
Crixus, a giant slave in the cell next to Spartacus, told him in detail the painful story of the slave uprising and the endless war operations of the Sicilian slaves that had begun more than half a century ago.. Although Spartacus was a slave and was born a slave, now here, among his own kind, they saw warriors whose glory and greatness equaled and even surpassed the glory and greatness of Achilles, Hector, and the wise Odysseus... But what a lion of men.! It was Enus, who freed all the slaves of the island and destroyed three Roman legions; On the other hand, the Greek Atenion, Saius the Thracian, was not a German, and Ben Joash was a Jew - the same Ben Joash who escaped by ship from Carthage and joined the Atenion with all its passengers..
Spartacus felt his heart swell with pride when he heard these things. A pure feeling of brotherhood and sympathy towards these warriors and lion men fills his being.. He knew them well, he knew what they felt and what they dreamed of and what they longed for.. Country, city and race had no concept; Their servitude was a common thing. At the same time, you could see that despite all the pitiful greatness of their uprisings, the result of the open work was lack of success .. Spartacus said: "I will not fight any gladiator again."
I know this. I didn't know a moment ago, but now I know. In the training and competition of gladiators, Spartacus was a promising gladiator. Four trainers were walking with whips in their hands and some soldiers were outside and Spartacus did not eat anything in the canteen that day, his mouth was dry and his heart was pounding.. As he saw, no serious event was about to happen, and the future was not known to him, as it is not known to others, and he did not see any of it.. But some people reach a stage where they say to themselves: "If I don't do this or that thing, then it is not necessary and I should not be alive. As soon as humans reach such a level, the earth will shake."
And before the end of the day, that is, before morning gave way to noon and night, the earth would shake - but Spartacus did not know this.. The only thing he knew was the next step, which was to talk to the gladiators. When he was discussing the matter with Krikos. The other gladiators were listening to the words of Spartacus and Cricus with their ears pricked up..
Spartacus said: I want to stand up and speak. I want to say what is in my heart. But when I speak, there will be no turning back and the coaches will try to stop me at any cost..
said Crixus, the young giant: "They can't take it."
Even on the other side of the four walls, vibrancy was felt. Two of the trainers turned to Spartacus and those crouched around him, cracking their whips and unsheathing their knives..
Gannicus said: “Speak now!”
said the black African: "Are we the dogs that you shake your whips at us?"
Spartacus stood up and dozens of gladiators stood with him. The trainers attacked with whips and knives, but the gladiators fell upon them, making their work in the blink of an eye.. (the maids) The women also killed the chef. All these things were done without noise, the only sound that could be heard was the sound of anger that blocked their breath.. Then Spartacus issued his first command gently and carelessly:
"Go hold the doors tight while I speak."
The comrades hesitated for a moment, then obeyed.
said: "Gather around me!”
The operation was done with lightning speed and there was still no news of the soldiers stationed outside...
"Now I am free. My father and grandfather never had a moment of freedom, but I am free standing here. "It was a glorious moment for him and all the slaves, but it was accompanied by fear, but Spartacus must show the way to the future and lead them to the future, and if there is no way, make a way himself.. The expression of the eyes of the slaves who were distant and submissive to him was indicative of these things. He reads all these things in their eyes.
When they gathered around him, he asked them: "Do you agree with me? I will no longer be a gladiator. I myself am willing to be the first to die. Are you with me?
Some had tears in their eyes, some were afraid. Some more and some less, but he instilled some pride and honor in them, and he was truly a master at this.
said: "Now we must be friends, we must all be one. As they say in our country, in ancient times, people went to war of their own free will and no one forced them.. They didn't go like the Romans did, they went with their own will and if someone couldn't fight and went on his own, no one had anything to do with him..
Someone said good! what do you want to do Spartacus said:
"We fight, we fight well, because we are the best fighting men in the world." The harshness of the voice contrasted with the gentleness of his behavior and nailed everyone to their place. There was no doubt that the soldiers had heard his voice. He continued to speak and said:We will fight in such a way that the gladiators of Capua will never be forgotten in the entire history of Rome!”
Spartacus said: "Soldiers first."
one said: "We are five against each of them, they run away."
Spartacus replied angrily: "No, they don't run away. You should know this, they never run away. either they kill us or we destroy them; If we kill them, they will bring more soldiers. The Roman army has no limits!”
They looked at him with wide eyes. then added: "But if the Roman army has no limits, the number of slaves is also innumerable."
They started to work, they took everything they got as weapons, the number of slaves was 200 and the number of soldiers, trainers and armed officers were 54.. Fearsome spears rested on bent arms, their tips glinting in the sunlight. Once upon a time, the power of Rome was huge, and the slaves must break and run away under the pressure of this crushing power and even the insignificant power of this group that represented this great power, or else be destroyed..
But at that time the power of Rome failed, and Spartacus became a great general. There is no clear definition for someone who leads others. A leader is an indefinable and strange thing, especially when he does not have power and glory behind him. Anyone can issue orders and give orders, but issuing orders and giving orders in such a way that others obey was the characteristic of Spartacus.. He ordered them to disperse and form a wide circle around the groups of soldiers. The gladiators dispersed and formed a wide circle. The attackers slowed down their steps and showed hesitation and stopped. No soldier was as agile as the gladiator because in the gladiator's life, speed was life and life was speed. In addition, there was nothing to hinder them, and their only clothing was a loose piece of clothing that they wore around their waists, while the shield, sword, spear, and armor restricted the movement of the soldiers... The gladiators surrounded them with a radius of 75 paces..
In a moment, Spartacus saw clearly in front of him the outline of the tactics of the coming years.
Spartacus shouted: "Rock! throw stones! Make them rain stones!"He ran here and there in a flash and woke others up: "Throw stones! Throw stones at them!”
The group of armed soldiers occasionally threw spears, but suddenly they were faced with a leopard-like attack of the slaves, not long after all 54 armed soldiers were killed, the slaves were overwhelmed with joy and victory, but Spartacus noticed the strong garrison of Capua, which was soon attacked by a large group.. Therefore, he told one of the slaves to go and see if it is possible to break down the door of the armory and asked each of the slaves their expertise in fighting with different weapons and methods, because if they were defeated in this battle, there would be no name left of them, and if they ran away, they would be captured one by one. Soldiers and slave owners would fall and be crucified, so Spartacus would carefully examine and verify the fateful moments..
When Spartacus looked again at Capua's garrison and saw the soldiers rushing towards them, he realized the fact that there was no hiding place and no cave to crawl into.. The world must be changed.
He stopped and said:"We fight with soldiers."
When the soldiers saw the raging flood of slaves, they got scared and threw their spears, the slaves threw stones, they were defeated and ran away, some of our slaves ran after them half way to Capua.. This was the second victory of the slaves in a short period of time, now the surrounding slaves found out, and they were anxious, and a group of the escaped master's house and property joined Spartacus..
During the march, he would walk in front of them, the Thracians would call him father, what will we do, where will we go? "Spartacus said: "We are one tribe, do you agree?. Everyone nodded and acknowledged his words. There were no slaves in the tribe and everyone was equal. This was a long time ago, but at least the memory of it remained in the memories. He continued to speak: "Who wants to talk? Who is volunteering for leadership? Whoever wants to lead us, stand up. We are now the people of freedom."
Spartacus asked the slaves after a while: Now do you know what we should do?" All their eyes were wide.
Can we run away?
Krikos asked: Where should we run? Wherever there is the same color in the sky, everywhere there is a master and a slave.
Spartacus, who knew how to do it, said with confidence: "We will not run away. We will go from farm to farm and from house to house and when we arrive we will free the slaves. And we will increase our strength. If they send forces against us, we will fight.
one asked: “What about the gun? Where will we get weapons from?"
We will take the weapons from the soldiers; We will make it ourselves. Is Rome something else than the blood and sweat of the forehead and code of Yamin slave? Is there anything we can't make?
Then Rome will fight with us.
Spartacus said quietly: "Then we will fight with Rome, and we will end the life of Roman rule and we will build a world where there are no slaves or masters."
The slaves started walking towards the city of Capua from Koi and Barzan, from the plains and hills, the slaves joined Spartacus' group, and now that their number was more than a thousand people, they also sent herds of cattle and sheep to follow Spartacus and his companions because the shepherds were also slaves. And the further they went, the number of them increased. According to Gannicus, a small stream had become a river and now Sili was about to rise.. Whenever Gannicus looked at Spartacus's face, his eyes would come to life and shine.: "We trample the world and change it stone by stone, brick by brick!”
The senate sent a huge army commander to Varpenius Glabrus, a young senator, to crush the slaves. The slaves attacked the soldiers and killed all but one of them. Spartacus wanted to make all the dead smell like a simple soldier. He sent the senate's teaching along with a message to the Roman senate. In this message, it was said that you should send whatever army you have, we will kill everyone and we will arm ourselves with their weapons..
For several years, Spartacus resisted the roaring flood of well-organized and well-equipped Roman army. Italian slaves even in far and near countries found out about this great and liberating revolution, they rebelled, killed their masters, burned their houses and warehouses.. And those who could join the army of Spartacus. Now more than ten thousand armed slaves (Taken from Roman soldiers) are. Like them, they make a ditch around their camp or build a wall. In short, like the Roman soldiers, divided into groups of five hundred people, Daria was an organized organization.. Soldiers of Spartacus:
"They have taken a position on top of a big hill. The surrounding area of this hill is rugged, heavy infantry with their guns occupying the hill in every direction for half a mile.. The legions are positioned on the ridge beyond. Spartacus has established his command post in the center of the force and on the ridge that dominates everywhere.. In the white tent that is the command post, the necessary elements of a command post are in operation.
A secretary is sitting with a stationery. Fifty commanders are ready to walk with lightning speed in a direction of the battlefield and give orders to the units..
They have installed a tall pole and a flagman is standing next to it with numerous flags and colors. A large map of the battlefield is being prepared on a large table in the center of the tent.
The commanders of the units stand around the table and look at the map and separate the information that has arrived about the location and the number of enemy units. . A total of eight people are around the table, at one end of the table, Spartacus looks forty years old.
He now commands an army of about fifty thousand men, and this army is in some respects the best the world has ever seen..
It is an army that fights for freedom under very simple slogans. There have been countless armies in the past; The armies that fought for cities and nations and for wealth and looting and control over this or that region.. This is the army that fights for the freedom, greatness and dignity of human beings, it is an army that does not recognize any particular city or land because the people who formed it belong to all cities, all tribes and all lands.. It is an army that must win because it has no bridge behind it to retreat and no land to shelter it.. It is a moment of change in the movement of history. It is the beginning of a movement. It is a sleepy whisper. The lightning is the light that heralds the thunder that shakes the world, and the vanguard is the lightning that dazzles the eyes, the army that suddenly realizes that its victory must change the world, and therefore it must either change Han or not win..
On the other side of the river, in front of the Spartacus army, they have brought soldiers from all the Italian colonies, there are more than 70 thousand people, armed and equipped, a war breaks out between two armies, the Roman army breaks apart, even though a Roman soldier who is killed is replaced by another one, however, the fear of The stubborn legion of slaves makes the hearts of every member of the Roman army tremble. They have the strength to hold their shields and raise their swords. The Roman army loses morale. Ten people fall apart here, a hundred people run away there. A hundred people become a thousand people; And a thousand men become ten thousand men, and confusion covers the entire Roman army. They drop the gun and prefer to run away. The officers try to stop them from escaping, but the soldiers kill them, the slaves chase them, in this victory when the Romans were defeated, ten thousand slaves were killed, and Rome will send bigger armies again..
Finally, the Roman armies attacked the slaves, and when Spartacus was defeated, there were 22 thousand people in the camp (12 thousand of them were women and children) Twelve thousand of them were given to the units as war booty.
Spartacus was crucified along with more than 6,000 people, Varinia, the beautiful wife of Spartacus, fell with a child in her arms.. But finally he came out of captivity, he was happy because he was alive and free, his child was alive and free, he lived in the house of a simple peasant man whose wife Serza had left, he had seven children from this man, young Spartacus also with these children grew up.
He told the story of Spartacus many times:
He described how good and kind he was. He never separated him from the simple people among whom he lived, and when he spoke about Spartacus' comrades, he chose one or another of the ten people as an example, and when he told these stories, his husband listened with surprise and regret. was giving.
Varinia's life was not an easy one, she worked from dawn to dusk: He weeded, shoveled, washed and spun and wove; But beauty was never an important issue for him. Whenever he was introspective and looking back, he was grateful for what he had missed in life.. He no longer sat in mourning for Spartacus and shed tears for him. His life with Spartacus had become a dream.
When her eldest son reached the age of twenty, Varinia fell ill and died three days later, his death was quick and painless.. Her husband, sons and daughters were crying despite her death. Then they shrouded him and buried him.
It was after his death that changes took place in the place. The taxes were increasing day by day and this increase knew no bounds. There was a drought, and most of the crops were destroyed. Then the Roman soldiers came.. People dragged families who couldn't pay taxes out of their homes, chained them neck to neck, and sold them in Rome..
But all those whose crops were destroyed did not obey this order and did not accept this plan with obedience.. Spartacus and his brothers and sisters fled with other people of Deh and took refuge in the forests north of the village, which joins the hard-to-reach parts of the Alps..
They lived there with difficulty; They ate acorns, walnuts and game meat; But when a big villa was built in the land that once belonged to them, they flooded and burned the villa and looted what it had..
The soldiers fled to the forests; The peasants united with the mountain tribes and fought with the soldiers, the fugitive slaves joined them; And for many years, their oppressive war continued. Sometimes their strength was disintegrated under the blows of the soldiers, and sometimes they found such strength that they were able to destroy and set fire to the fields and cause destruction and annoyance..
The son of Spartacus lived and died in this way: He died like his father; He suffered and was oppressed and fought. The stories he told his children were not as clear and vivid as before and were not based on the facts.. Stories became legends and legends became allegories, but the war of the oppressors against the oppressors continued.. It was a flame that sometimes flared up and sometimes faded, but it was never extinguished, and the name of Spartacus was never extinguished.. This name was not the result of a noble lineage, it was the result of a collective struggle.
