Check is one of the achievements of banking and the oldest evidence of check and banking dates back to the Achaemenid period..
According to the report of "Saba Iran" and according to Dr. "Shirin Bayani", who is one of the historians and researchers of our country, banking had a high value before Islam, especially during the Sassanid period.. We have had places like today's banks where banking services such as loans, promissory notes, checks and … has been done.
The word "Check" in the Pahlavi writings of the Sasanian period
We find the oldest form of banking in the middle of the river during the Achaemenid period, which was the largest center of Jewish settlement and where the Jews were responsible for banking.. There are documents obtained from this department that are completely valid.
The word "bank" was valid at that time and the word "cheque" became common since that time and has remained until today.. In the writings of the Sassanid period in Pahlavi language, we have the word check, and the same word has made its way from Iran to other languages of the world.. Undoubtedly, the check has had a trend throughout history, but we do not know its trend. Another important banking job is "bill of exchange"..
But what is barat and since when was it used in Iran?
Dr. Shirin Bayani, whose specialty is the history of the Mongol period, said that a bill of exchange is the same as a money order.
It has been used since the time of the Mongols
During the Mongol era, they wrote "bills" from the center or from the centers of the states and gave it to agents.. These agents holding the money order
They should have taken ransom or tolls or cash or sex from someone or an organization or somewhere. They told you about this remittance.
Barat, like other cases, found a dangerous trend during the Mongol period. Any government official or tax official could write to you. In this way, one ton
It is possible that he may receive several promissory notes from a particular circle or person and he will have to respond to various sexual or cash requests of these promissory notes..
This issue and other examples led to disturbances until finally with Ghazan Khan's reforms
Better to say, with the reforms of Khwaja Rashiduddin Fazlullah, the problems and disorders were solved..
Khwaja Rashiduddin's reforms for exploitation According to Dr. Bayani, these reforms should be called Khajah reforms. Khwaja Rashiduddin Fazlullah, who had gained great respect and value from the Shah since the time of Gikhatu, reached the position of minister during the reign of Ghazan Khan.. He who is in science and literature and Malakdari was excellent, in his time he made reforms that were very valuable He was named after the Sultan of his time, that is, after Ghazani's reforms. One of these reforms that had a great impact on the economy was limiting the use of bills of exchange. He legalized the use of promissory notes and clarified which government or tax organizations are allowed to issue them.. They used harsh punishments for disobeying it. If anyone other than those who had a license issued a license, he would be sentenced to death. According to Dr. Bayani, all of these are recorded in "Jami al-Tawarikh", a very valuable work of Khwaja Rashiduddin Fazlullah Hamadani on Mughal history..
After these reforms, the bill of exchange was used in the true sense of the word, and tax students or Divan Istisaa or anywhere else wrote and sent the bill of exchange during war or peace, and the person who received the bill of exchange had to send what was requested..
The prevalence of paper money, bills and checks, and commercial companies such as Mudarabah companies during the Mughal era.It shows that this period was one of the periods of commercial prosperity throughout history.
