October is the solar month, the anniversary of the enthronement of Darius the Great

Achaemenid Dariush, son of Vishtasep, one of the elders of Pars, on the first day of Mehrgan celebrations ( After adapting to the Gregorian calendar; October 2nd) He became the king of Iran in 522 BC.
During the 36-year reign of Darius the Great, the territory of Iran from the Indus Valley ( Indus) to the coast of Libya in Africa, and from the north of the Sea of ​​Marmara ( Thrace in Europe ) Up to the Pamir mountains in Asia included all of today's Middle East, Central Asia, a part of South Asia, the Caucasus, Egypt and a part of Sudan, which was divided into many provinces. (satrapy) They were divided and governed directly under the supervision of the central government and on the basis of unified laws, and in that part where three Iranian tribes lived, they had common ancestors and culture, and they celebrated Nowruz rituals in the same way. “Iran land” they said(Medes from "Rey" towards the west and northwest, including Kurds and Azeris, Parsis from the region of Rey to the south of Tajzair in the Persian Gulf and from the east to the other side of the Hindu Kush and the end of Badakhshan, and the Parthians in the northeast.).
Egypt was the sixth satrapy of Iran.

Cyrus was the founder of Iran, but Iranian nationalism was born with Darius the Great. Cyrus thought universally and a commonwealth society with equal rights was central ” Iran land ” and it was not allowed to interfere in the internal affairs of the members of the union.
Darius the Great in the inscriptions that remain of him with the praise of Ahura Mazda (God) who has created the earth, the sky, human beings and happiness, his kingdom over this vast land where good men and good horses (The meaning of a good army) He has already known about his favors and in one of his inscriptions, he asked Ahura Mazda to ” Iran land ” It protects from the pestilence of lies and drought.

One of Dariush's most important works was the creation of a waterway between the Red Sea and the Nile River to connect the Persian Gulf to the Mediterranean Sea.. Another important work of his was the order to build Persepolis to be the seat of Iran's kingdom ( The administrative capital of Iran was the city of Sush) . Creating an always ready corps in the center that could stand against any sudden attack until the arrival of other army units from the cities and remote parts of the country was another important action of his.. The minting of gold and wire coins, especially almost pure gold coins known as Darik in 515 AD was an important initiative of Darius I.. Establishment of post office, court, kindergarten and primary school ( Only for boys) And establishing laws and tax rates and creating a navy in the Persian Gulf are some other examples of Darius the Great's work. Americans 23 centuries later when the government post office was established (Federal) In this country, the slogan of Dariush was engraved on the door, that wind and rain will not hinder the work of chapar. Darius built a kind of paved road between Susa and the Mediterranean coast, a part of which has recently been recovered. Dariush's unprecedented military action of transporting 24,000 cavalry and infantry by ship from the eastern Mediterranean to the coast of Athens in Greece (800 km distance) Was.
Darius, who was married to Atusa, the daughter of Cyrus the Great, died in 486 BC, and his son Xerxes, the grandson of Cyrus, sat in his place, who followed his father's policy exactly.. Dariush is buried in Rostam.
Some historians date Dariush as king on 16 Mehr (October 8), the last day of Mehrgan rituals (The main day of Mehrgan) have written. At that time, Mehrgan ceremony continued for six days. Seal rituals (Mehrgan celebrations) After Nowruz, it has been the most important national holiday of Iranians.
It was from the time of Darius that the schools started working after the rituals of Mehrgan that this custom was transferred to the whole world through Greece.. Although in some countries due to climatic considerations, schools start a few days earlier. The main purpose of schools in Iran during the Achaemenid period was to teach ethics, fitness, riding and shooting, and finally to select the most talented children to serve in the army.. According to Roman historians (Quoted from the Greeks) Iranian teachers taught children in elementary schools that the authority and greatness of their homeland and the preservation of their civilization depend on being friends and allies and having an invincible army..