Sardar Maryam Bakhtiari

Birth and adolescence

1253 solar year, an Iranian girl in a
The family of Asil Bakhtiari has been seen and opened to Giti. A girl who in her youth from
The most influential women of her time and the flag bearer of freedom and pride of Iran and Iranians
became. The girl who was called "Bibi Maryam", in the most difficult conditions and while in
Around the age of 9, his father ordered Naser al-Din Shah and indicated Zal Sultan, the despotic ruler
Isfahan had been killed, grew up and reached maturity. The effects and training that B
Bay Maryam from his father Hossein Qoli Khan Ilkhani Bakhtiari and his brother Ali Qoli Khan Sardar Asad
Bakhtiari accepted, opened his way to the future and it became so that he exhausted himself with effort
His invincibility and stability are few like him as one of the most fighting generals who want freedom
be considered Iranian. A corner of the behavior of "Bibi Maryam" in the newspaper
His memories are recorded in his own simple and fluent pen and include childhood memories
As long as he is young, it opens a window for us to know him better.

Sardar Maryam and the demand for women's rights:

Bibi Maryam, who was born in a patriarchal society, and in her teenage years was against
He was forced to marry and was denied the right to inherit, the depth of the problems and
He understands the problems of Iranian women, so he breaks the historical silence of Iranian women
And it protests against these inequalities and the trampling of women's rights
Demanding the removal of common patriarchal traditions in Iranian society, such as the tradition of navel cutting
Forced marriage, unequal inheritance rights, not having the right to divorce, not being able to enjoy the right to education
to be. Sardar Maryam, the root of many of these inequalities is women's lack of knowledge about their rights
He knows and writes first:

« … All our misfortunes are from ourselves because we have neither knowledge nor rights
We know ourselves, if we also knew why we were created, of course, around rights
We used to commit suicide. We now think that it was created only to satisfy men's lust
We have become or we were created for slavery and slavery. We could for human rights
Let us oppress all the nations of the world and establish our rights because today is the century
It is the twentieth and [ To ] The idiom of the Persians is the golden age. Today, European women in
All government and national offices have a great position, they occupy the seat of attorney
but we Iranian women are never outside the world of humanity… ».

Sardar Maryam from the lost dreams of himself and many Iranian women, especially women
Bakhtiari for “Breaking rotten traditions from Bikh and Ben ” He speaks and writes:

« …Oh, so many wishes that have turned to dust, how much I wished to do good deeds in Bakhtiari
Especially for unfortunate women … ».

Sardar Maryam considers the role of women in society to be much more limited than her real position
It demands that women become aware of their real role and position in society and that
to obtain. He writes about this:

« … In Iran, unfortunate women either have to cry, thinking about clothes and powder day and night
And whether they are sewing or spinning yarn, this is their big job. It's a pity
There are several [ Million ] A woman in Iran does not care about lack of knowledge for anyone.
What they give them is to throw pickles, cucumbers, eggplants. They say woman
He should make himself like an eggplant and walk in the alley and God knows when
She wears a blanket and a veil and walks in the alley and puts the veil on Yemen
Big eggplant to walk … »

He continues:

« … I saw a shop on Lalezar Street, inside a shop selling many items
Jewelry is placed under the mirror. I told the shop owner: Are these for sale?
answered: No, ma'am, the ladies have put these under the yoke of Charqad Tor. A world of woe
I was fed up with the misery of the poor Iranian people who are so ignorant and miserable. What money
He was in the country, but he went abroad for the same things and similar things. Now the jewel that
They have to change the cloth…»

Sardar Maryam and standing against tyranny:

Sardar Maryam, who witnessed the increasing poverty of the people and the extravagance of the imprudent rulers
is, he wishes that the taxes that people pay and the natural resources that
In the country, it was spent by a worthy and elected person for the development of Iran. And
This raises the basic question of whether the nation chooses one person as a ruler
to build hospitals, schools, and railways for them and compensate for the country's deficiencies
Or should he spend the country's money on himself and his ladies?

Sardar Maryam rises against the existing method and continues to write:

«…Unfortunately, some nations of the world in general, and the Iranian nation in particular, regard the Sultan as the Ayat of God
they know… Think how silent and dark we are, how many millions of people gather
They collect crores of money from the annual suffering and a thousand kinds of worldly misery and torment
They are given to one person, so that one person accepts the trouble of managing the entire life
Try them, so if we think that person is the servant of the nation and not God
the nation;… So, whenever this employee works well for the nation, we should pray for him
He did and maintained that if he did something bad, he should be deposed and his father should be held accountable
It burned, not that he praised it…»

He breaks the silence against oppression and oppressors and calls for the elimination of oppression and oppression
People become defenseless from dictators:

« … There is still so much oppression in this land that the oppressor can kill the weak
kill him, take his property, take his honor. Even though it is the 20th century, wood
And there is a sky, it is hot. I am a poor woman with bloodshot eyes and a heart
I see these things depressingly and my heart bleeds and I wished to find strength
And remove all these oppressions and remove the rotten roots of brutal tyranny from this province
cut off… ».

Sardar Maryam and the struggle to achieve the constitution:

Bibi Maryam who spent her childhood, adolescence and youth in the most difficult conditions
Ili had spent time and was well able to master martial skills such as shooting and
Learn to ride and use it in your freedom struggle.

Sardar Maryam Mubarezat is also fighting his freedom-loving countrymen on the way to the constitution
He praises and writes about Azerbaijani constitutional fighters:

« … Zealous and Rashid Azerbaijanis who are always for patriotism and outstanding works
They were ahead of the curve, they raised the flag of freedom under the leadership of the famous Sattar Khan and Baqer Khan
…».

Bay Maryam, when Sardar Asad, his brother and all the young people go to Bakhtiari on the way
They are in Tehran, he praises their firm determination and leaves with encouraging words
they say:

« … Now that you have decided to be committed and masculine in this work, if all men
Rashid Bakhtiari was martyred, all Bakhtiari women were gathered, shrouds around their necks, guns
We move towards the tyranny camp to defeat the enemy… I hope
… that the root of rotten tyranny with your rich intellect and deep thought and by the force of the sword
Fire the youths of Rashid Irani…».

But Sardar Maryam, in that historical situation, felt the sensitive situation of his country
takes responsibility, it is not permissible to sit on hands and wait, so to
"Bakhtiari History" certificate, before Sardar Asad's arrival in Tehran, secretly with him
A group of Bakhtiari riflemen goes to Tehran and on the roof of a house overlooking the square
Baharstan builds a barricade and during the battle of the Bakhtiaris with the agents of tyranny
Their help is coming.

Sardar Maryam and the battle with colonists and invaders:

Sardar Maryam, who in 1288 in the battle of liberation of Isfahan along with his sister
Bibi Laili" commanded a Bakhtiari cavalry column in Giro
World War I ( Amrdad 1293 to November 1297 ), as well as Iran
It was invaded by the British and Russian forces from all sides, with its forces to fight with
The colonists paid.

In 1295 Khurshiidi, the German officer "Wilhelm Vasmus" with his soldiers on the side
The nomads of southern Iran were fighting against the British, Sardar Maryam was the best of the forces
himself to accompany him and the brave men of Tungstan and fight against the British invaders
Tungstan sent.

In 1297 solar year when the occupying forces of Russia and England in
near Isfahan in pursuit of a German army legion group and a number of political representatives
Germany paid, Sardar Maryam who wanted to be supported by allies and especially Germany
to fight against the Russian and English colonialists, with the forces under the command
They stood in the region of Tiran and Krone against the British and Russian joint forces and so on
They were forced to retreat from a hard battle and saved the German legion
And they took them to their base in "Sourshjan" in Bakhtiari region and sheltered them and so on
For some time, they were taken out of Iran through Ottoman soil.

The news of the rescue of the German Legion with the help of General Maryam Bakhtiari, the German Emperor Wilhelm II
"He said that in recognition of this bravery, the highest insignia of the German Empire, which is "
"Iron Cross" along with a decree and an enamel image and a diamond badge for Sardar Maryam
send.

Sardar Maryam's base, the shelter of freedom seekers:

Sardar Maryam's house was always a refuge for freedom seekers. During the First World War as well
that millions of Iran opposed the Russian and British occupiers and the policies of
Germany and Ottoman supported by weakening the Ottoman government and British domination
Baghdad, a group of political and cultural activists such as Ali Akbar Dehkhoda, Malik Shaara Bahar,
Vahid Tasgardi and… They took refuge in Sardar Maryam's house.

Dr. Mohammad Mossadegh was another freedom seeker whose name was lost after escaping
The agents of tyranny went to Bakhtiari for a while. Dr. Mossadegh when I was in March of the year
1299 Khurshidi was dismissed from the government of Fars by Sayyid Zia under the pressure of the British
Isfahan went to Bakhtiari and became a guest of Sardar Maryam. From this to Dr. Mossadegh until the end
Omar always remembered Sardar Maryam and the Bakhtiari people well.

The freedom of Iran and Iranians is Sardar Maryam's only wish:

Sardar Maryam Bakhtiari finally died in Isfahan in 1316
He said that his body was buried in Takht Folad Mausoleum of Isfahan in Tekeh Mirfenderski
He built his house which was located in Isfahan at Qasr intersection at the beginning of Sheikh Bahai Street
According to his will, he gave a gift to the Culture Department, where Rudaba School was built.

But the only true wish of Sardar Maryam Bakhtiari from his youth to the last moments of his life
, it was the same wish that one day looking to the future in his diary in the form of a question
He had shared hard and heavy with the generation after him. He in those years, maybe from us
that we are reading these lines today, he asked:

« … O those who read my newspaper, if in your era ” Iran” Country
Dear me and yourself [ particle for direct object ] You have seen enlightened and enlightened knowledge and science and step on the way
And you left the soil of freedom or you lived in the shadow of science and civilization, poor me
My only wish is the civilization of Iran, remember. Is the hour that I am at the bottom of the grave
I'm sleeping, you miserable Iranians, are you free? He counted his steps proudly
do you hit …»

Taken from Tarngar Bakhtiari