Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎲𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎶
Attested in Old Persian

earth

Lemma
būmī-
Transliteration
b-u-mi-i-m
Transcription
būmim

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for būmim; English gloss: earth.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎲 ba Phonogram
  2. 𐎢 u Phonogram
  3. 𐎷 mi Phonogram
  4. 𐎡 i Phonogram
  5. 𐎶 ma Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

20 occurrences
DNa · 2100% confidence

𐏐 𐎲𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎿𐎶/𐎠𐎴𐎶

: b-u-mi-i-m : a-d-a : h-y : a-v-m : a-s-m-/a-n-mToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DNa · 32100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎡𐎴 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎲𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎹𐎢[𐎭𐎫𐎡𐎶 𐏐]

: a-v-i-n : i-m-a-m : b-u-mi-i-m : y-u-[d-t-i-m :]Token span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSe · 2100% confidence

𐏐 𐎲𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎭𐎠] 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎿/[𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎶

: b-u-mi-i-m : a-d-d-a] : h-y : a-v-m : a-s-/[m-a-n-mToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSf · 1100% confidence

[𐎲𐎥 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐] 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀[𐎭]𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎡𐎶[𐎠]𐎶 [𐏐 𐎲]𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎶 [𐏐 𐎠]/[𐎭𐎠

[b-g : v-z-r-k :] a-u-r-m-z-[d]-a : h-y : i-m-[a]-m [: b]-u-mi-i-m [: a]-/[d-aToken span 11–11 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSt · 2100% confidence

𐏐 𐎲𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎶 [𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎿]/[𐎶]𐎠𐎴𐎶

: b-u-mi-i-m [: a-d-a : h-y : a-v-m : a-s]-/[m]-a-n-mToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSab · 1100% confidence

𐎲𐎥 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼(𐎶)[𐏀]𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎲(𐎢𐎷)𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎿𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎶 𐏐 (𐎠𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡)[𐎹𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎭]𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎫𐎡𐎣𐎼 𐏐 𐎠𐎰𐎥𐎡𐎴 𐏐

b-g : v-z-r-k : a-u-r-(m)-[z]-d-a : h-y : i-m-a-m : b-(u-mi)-i-m : a-d-a : h-y : a-v-m : a-s-m-a-n-m : a-d-a : h-y : m-r-t-i-y-m : a-d-a : h-y : š-i-y-a-t-i-m : (a-d-a : m-r-t-i)-[y-h-y-a : h-y : d]-a-r-y-v-u-m : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y-m : a-ku-u-n-u-š : i-y-m : p-t-i-k-r : a-ϑ-g-i-n :Token span 11–11 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DZc · 1100% confidence

[𐎲𐎥 𐏐] 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎿𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎲𐎢[𐎷]/[𐎡]𐎶

[b-g :] v-z-r-k : a-u-r-m-z-d-a : h-y : a-v-m : a-s-m-a-n-m : a-d-a : h-y : i-m-a-m : b-u-[mi]-/[i]-mToken span 19–19 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DE · 2100% confidence

𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎲𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎶 𐏐

: h-y : i-m-a-m : b-u-mi-i-m :Token span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
3.17. · 1-6100% confidence

𐎲𐎥 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎲𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎿𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎶𐎼𐎫𐎡𐎹𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐎶 𐏐 𐏋𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐎡𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎽𐎢𐎺𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏓

b-g : v-z-r-k : a-u-r-m-z-d-a : h-y : i-m-a-m : b-u-mi-i-m : a-d-a : h-y : a-v-m : a-s-m-a-n-m : a-d-a : h-y : m-r-t-i-y-m : a-d-a : h-y : š-i-y-a-t-i-m : a-d-a : m-r-t-i-y-h-y-a : h-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-m : XŠ-m : a-ku-u-n-u-š : a-i-v-m : p-ru-u-v-n-a-m : 10Token span 11–11 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XPa · 1100% confidence

𐎲𐎥 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎲𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎠/𐎭𐎠

b-g : v-z-r-k : a-u-r-m-z-d-a : h-y : i-m-a-m : b-u-mi-i-m : a-/d-aToken span 11–11 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XPb · 2100% confidence

𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎲𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎶 𐏐

: h-y : i-m-a-m : b-u-mi-i-m :Token span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XPc · 1100% confidence

𐎲𐎥 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐎡𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎲𐎢𐎷𐎡𐎶 𐏐

b-g : v-z-r-k : a-u-r-m-z-d-a : h-y : i-m-a-m : b-u-mi-i-m :Token span 11–11 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DEa (Q007146) · Q007146.2.6

Documented dictionary attestation in DEa (Q007146), Q007146.2.6.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DNa (Q007152) · Q007152.2.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DNa (Q007152), Q007152.2.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSe (Q007171) · Q007171.2.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DSe (Q007171), Q007171.2.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSf (Q007172) · Q007172.1.11

Documented dictionary attestation in DSf (Q007172), Q007172.1.11.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSt (Q007182) · Q007182.2.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DSt (Q007182), Q007182.2.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSab (Q007189) · Q007189.1.11

Documented dictionary attestation in DSab (Q007189), Q007189.1.11.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DZc (Q007194) · Q007194.1.19

Documented dictionary attestation in DZc (Q007194), Q007194.1.19.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XEa (Q007205) · Q007205.3.5

Documented dictionary attestation in XEa (Q007205), Q007205.3.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPa (Q007209) · Q007209.1.11

Documented dictionary attestation in XPa (Q007209), Q007209.1.11.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPb (Q007210) · Q007210.2.6

Documented dictionary attestation in XPb (Q007210), Q007210.2.6.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPc (Q007211) · Q007211.1.11

Documented dictionary attestation in XPc (Q007211), Q007211.1.11.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPd (Q007212) · Q007212.2.3

Documented dictionary attestation in XPd (Q007212), Q007212.2.3.View source