Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎠𐎲𐎺𐎶
Attested in Old Persian

be, become

Lemma
bav
Transliteration
a-b-v-m
Transcription
abavam

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for abavam; English gloss: be, become.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎠 a Phonogram
  2. 𐎲 ba Phonogram
  3. 𐎺 va Phonogram
  4. 𐎶 ma Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

10 occurrences
DB1. · 28100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎲𐎢𐎪𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎤𐎢𐎼𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐎠𐎶𐎠𐎧𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎢𐎶𐎠𐎹/𐎠

: a-b-v-m : k-b-u-ji-i-y : n-a-m : ku-u-r-u-š : p-u-ç : a-m-a-x-m : t-u-m-a-y-/aToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 60100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎳𐎼/𐎠𐎲𐎼

: a-u-r-m-z-d-a-h : a-d-m : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-b-v-m : a-u-r-m-z-d-a : x-š-ç-m : m-n-a : f-r-/a-b-rToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 72100% confidence

𐏐 𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺𐎶 !! 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹

: i-m : t-y : a-d-m : a-ku-u-n-v-m : p-s-a-v : y-ϑ-a : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-b-v-m !! : ϑ-a-t-i-yToken span 16–16 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB4. · 5100% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎧[𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹] 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐏓𐏒𐏒𐏒𐏒𐏑 𐏐 𐏃𐎶𐎼𐎴/𐎠

: p-s-a-v : y-ϑ-a : x-[š-a-y-ϑ-i-y] : a-b-v-m : 10-2-2-2-2-1 : h-m-r-n-/aToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB5. · 4100% confidence

𐏐 [𐎠𐎲𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎢]𐎺𐎩 𐏐 𐎴𐎠𐎶(𐎠) 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐏃𐎢/𐎺

: [a-b-v-m : u]-v-j : n-a-m-(a) : d-h-y-a-u-š : h-u-/vToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSm · 6100% confidence

𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎡𐏁𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 𐏐]

: t-y-i-š-a-m : a-d-m : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-b-v-m : p-a-r-s :]Token span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XPf · 35100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎡𐏂 𐏐 𐎥𐎠/𐎰𐎺𐎠

: x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-b-v-m : p-i-ç : g-a-/ϑ-v-aToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XPf · 36100% confidence

𐏐 𐎹𐎰𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠/𐎲𐎺𐎶

: y-ϑ-a : a-d-m : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-/b-v-mToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XPh · 30100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎿𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎫𐎼 𐏐 𐎠𐎡𐎫𐎠

: a-b-v-m : a-s-t-i-y : a-t-r : a-i-t-aToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XSc · 4100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎡𐎫 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎶 𐏐 𐎩𐎮𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎷𐎡]𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼[𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎢]/[𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠

: a-b-v-m : a-i-t : a-d-m : y-a-n-m : j-di-i-y-a-mi-i]-y : a-u-r-[m-z-d-a-m : m-a-m : a-u]-/[r-m-z-d-aToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.29.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.29.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPf (Q007214) · Q007214.35.5

Documented dictionary attestation in XPf (Q007214), Q007214.35.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPh (Q007216) · Q007216.30.3

Documented dictionary attestation in XPh (Q007216), Q007216.30.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XSc (Q007230) · Q007230.4.3

Documented dictionary attestation in XSc (Q007230), Q007230.4.3.View source