Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶
Attested in Old Persian

king

Lemma
xšāyaθiya-
Transliteration
x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y-a-n-a-m
Transcription
xšāyaθiyānām

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for xšāyaθiyānām; English gloss: king.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎧 xa Phonogram
  2. 𐏁 ša Phonogram
  3. 𐎠 a Phonogram
  4. 𐎹 ya Phonogram
  5. 𐎰 ϑa Phonogram
  6. 𐎡 i Phonogram
  7. 𐎹 ya Phonogram
  8. 𐎠 a Phonogram
  9. 𐎴 na Phonogram
  10. 𐎠 a Phonogram
  11. 𐎶 ma Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

23 occurrences
AmH · 2100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎠

: x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y-a-n-a-m : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : p-a-r-s-aToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
AsH · 2100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎧/𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹

: x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y-a-n-a-m : x-/š-a-y-ϑ-i-yToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 1100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡[𐎹 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹]𐎰𐎡𐎹/𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶

: a-d-m : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : v-z-r-k : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-[y : x-š-a-y]-ϑ-i-y-/a-n-a-mToken span 12–12 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DBa · 2100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎧(𐏁)/𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹

: x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y-a-n-a-m : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : p-a-r-s-i-y : x-(š)-/a-y-ϑ-i-yToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DPa · 2100% confidence

𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠/𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶

v-z-r-k : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : x-š-a-/y-ϑ-i-y-a-n-a-mToken span 5–5 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DPe · 2100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠/𐎶

: x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y-a-n-a-/mToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DNa · 9100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶

: x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y-a-n-a-mToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSb · 4100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡/𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶

: x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-/y-a-n-a-mToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSab · 3100% confidence

𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡[𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶] 𐏐 𐎧(𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡)[𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠𐎶] 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎲𐎢𐎶𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐

x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : v-z-r-k : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-[y-a-n-a-m] : x-(š-a-y-ϑ-i)-[y : d-h-y-u-n-a-m] : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-h-y-a-y-a : b-u-m-i-y-a : v-z-r-k-a-y-a : vi-i-š-t-a-s-p-h-y-a :Token span 7–7 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DE · 14100% confidence

𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁/𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹

x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y-a-n-a-m : x-š-/a-y-ϑ-i-yToken span 1–1 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Wb · 3100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰/𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶

: x-š-a-y-ϑ-/i-y-a-n-a-mToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Wc · 4100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰/𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶

: x-š-a-y-ϑ-/i-y-a-n-a-mToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

AmHa (Q007129) · Q007129.2.3

Documented dictionary attestation in AmHa (Q007129), Q007129.2.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

AsHa (Q007130) · Q007130.2.3

Documented dictionary attestation in AsHa (Q007130), Q007130.2.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.2.12

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.2.12.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBa (Q007135) · Q007135.2.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DBa (Q007135), Q007135.2.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DEa (Q007146) · Q007146.14.1

Documented dictionary attestation in DEa (Q007146), Q007146.14.1.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DGa (Q007147) · Q007147.2.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DGa (Q007147), Q007147.2.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DNa (Q007152) · Q007152.9.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DNa (Q007152), Q007152.9.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DPa (Q007157) · Q007157.2.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DPa (Q007157), Q007157.2.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DPe (Q007161) · Q007161.2.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DPe (Q007161), Q007161.2.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSb (Q007168) · Q007168.4.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DSb (Q007168), Q007168.4.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSab (Q007189) · Q007189.3.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DSab (Q007189), Q007189.3.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XEa (Q007205) · Q007205.14.3

Documented dictionary attestation in XEa (Q007205), Q007205.14.3.View source