Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎴𐎱𐎠
Attested in Old Persian

grandson

Lemma
napāt
Transliteration
n-p-a
Transcription
napā

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Haman-Ava rights

Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for napā; English gloss: grandson.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎴 na Phonogram
  2. 𐎱 pa Phonogram
  3. 𐎠 a Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

5 occurrences
AmH · 4100% confidence

𐏐 𐎴𐎱𐎠 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐎡𐎹𐎠𐎼𐎶𐎴 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹

: n-p-a : ϑ-a-t-i-y : a-r-i-y-a-r-m-n : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-yToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 3100% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠𐎶𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎴𐎱𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁[𐎡𐎹 !! 𐏐 𐎰]𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐

: p-u-ç : a-r-š-a-m-h-y-a : n-p-a : h-x-a-m-n-i-š-[i-y !! : ϑ]-a-t-i-y :Token span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DBa · 4100% confidence

𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠𐎶𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎴𐎱𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁!𐎡𐎹 𐏐 !! 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭(𐎠)𐎼/𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁

a-r-š-a-m-h-y-a : n-p-a : h-x-a-m-n-i-š-!-i-y : !! ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-(a)-r-/y-v-u-šToken span 3–3 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
3.17. · 7-10100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐏋𐎠𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐎭𐏃[𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐] 𐎻𐏁𐎫𐎠𐎿𐎱𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎢𐏂 𐏐 𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠𐎶𐏃𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎴𐎱𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹

: a-d-m : d-a-r-y-v-u-š : XŠ : v-z-r-k : XŠ : XŠ-a-n-a-m : XŠ : p-a-r-s-i-y : XŠ : d-h-[y-u-n-a-m :] vi-š-t-a-s-p-h-y-a : p-u-ç : a-r-š-a-m-h-y-a : n-p-a : h-x-a-m-n-i-š-i-y : ϑ-a-t-i-yToken span 28–28 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
A1Pa · 16100% confidence

𐏐 𐎭𐎠[𐎼𐎹𐎺𐏃𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎴𐎱𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁𐎡𐎹]

: d-a-[r-y-v-h-u-š : n-p-a : h-x-a-m-n-i-š-i-y]Token span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

AmHa (Q007129) · Q007129.4.3

Documented dictionary attestation in AmHa (Q007129), Q007129.4.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.4.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.4.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DBa (Q007135) · Q007135.4.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DBa (Q007135), Q007135.4.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

A¹Pa (Q007250) · Q007250.16.5

Documented dictionary attestation in A¹Pa (Q007250), Q007250.16.5.View source