Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎲𐎼
Attested in Old Persian

grant

Lemma
fra-bar
Transliteration
f-r-a-b-r
Transcription
frābara

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for frābara; English gloss: grant.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎳 fa Phonogram
  2. 𐎼 ra Phonogram
  3. 𐎠 a Phonogram
  4. 𐎲 ba Phonogram
  5. 𐎼 ra Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

20 occurrences
AmH · 7100% confidence

[𐏐] 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎲[𐎼 𐏐] 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎢/𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐏃

[:] v-z-r-k : a-u-r-m-z-d-a : f-r-a-b-[r :] v-š-n-a : a-u-/r-m-z-d-a-hToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
AsH · 9100% confidence

𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎲𐎼 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐎣𐎠𐎼𐎶

: m-n-a : f-r-a-b-r : t-y : u-k-a-r-mToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 12100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 [𐏐 𐎳𐎼]𐎠𐎲𐎼 !! 𐏐 𐎰/𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹

: a-d-m : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-mi-i-y : a-u-r-m-z-d-a : x-š-ç-m : m-n-a [: f-r]-a-b-r !! : ϑ-/a-t-i-yToken span 14–14 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 25100% confidence

𐏐] 𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎲𐎼 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐎶𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐎱𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎼 𐏐 𐎹𐎠𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 𐏐

:] i-m : x-š-ç-m : f-r-a-b-r : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-m-i-y : u-p-s-t-a-m : a-b-r : y-a-t-a : i-m : x-š-ç-m :Token span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DB1. · 60100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎳𐎼/𐎠𐎲𐎼

: a-u-r-m-z-d-a-h : a-d-m : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-b-v-m : a-u-r-m-z-d-a : x-š-ç-m : m-n-a : f-r-/a-b-rToken span 16–16 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DPd · 3100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐏁𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎲/𐎼

: a-d-d-a : h-u-š-i-y : x-š-ç-m : f-r-a-b-/rToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DPd · 7100% confidence

𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎲/𐎼

: t-y-a-m : m-n-a : a-u-r-m-z-d-a : f-r-a-b-/rToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DPh · 8100% confidence

𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎶𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎲𐎼

: t-y-m-i-y : a-u-r-m-z-d-a : f-r-a-b-rToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DNa · 33100% confidence

𐎱𐎿𐎠𐎺𐎮𐎡𐎶 𐏐 𐎶𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎲𐎼 𐏐 𐎶𐎠𐎶 [𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠/𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹𐎶

p-s-a-v-di-i-m : m-n-a : f-r-a-b-r : m-a-m [: x-š-a-/y-ϑ-i-y-mToken span 5–5 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSf · 11100% confidence

𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎲𐎼 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎺𐏀𐎼𐎣𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎢𐎺𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐎢𐎶/[𐎼𐎫𐎡]𐎹𐎶

: f-r-a-b-r : t-y : v-z-r-k-m : t-y : u-v-s-m : u-m-/[r-t-i]-y-mToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSm · 3100% confidence

𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 [𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐏋 𐏐 𐏈𐎶𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎲𐎼 𐏐]

ϑ-a-t-i-y [: d-a-r-y-v-u-š : XŠ : AM-m-i-y : x-š-ç-m : f-r-a-b-r :]Token span 11–11 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSp · 2100% confidence

𐏐] 𐏋𐎹[𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎠 𐏐 𐏃𐎢𐏁𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 𐏐 𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎲𐎼 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎴𐎡]/[𐎲𐎶

:] XŠ-y-[m : a-d-a : h-u-š-i-y : x-š-ç-m : f-r-a-b-r : t-y : n-i]-/[b-mToken span 10–10 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

AmHa (Q007129) · Q007129.7.6

Documented dictionary attestation in AmHa (Q007129), Q007129.7.6.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

AsHa (Q007130) · Q007130.9.5

Documented dictionary attestation in AsHa (Q007130), Q007130.9.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.13.15

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.13.15.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DHa (Q007148) · Q007148.7.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DHa (Q007148), Q007148.7.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DNa (Q007152) · Q007152.33.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DNa (Q007152), Q007152.33.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DPd (Q007160) · Q007160.3.9

Documented dictionary attestation in DPd (Q007160), Q007160.3.9.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DPh (Q007164) · Q007164.8.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DPh (Q007164), Q007164.8.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSf (Q007172) · Q007172.11.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DSf (Q007172), Q007172.11.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DZc (Q007194) · Q007194.4.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DZc (Q007194), Q007194.4.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

D²Ha (Q007260) · Q007260.19.2

Documented dictionary attestation in D²Ha (Q007260), Q007260.19.2.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

A²Hc (Q007273) · Q007273.18.11

Documented dictionary attestation in A²Hc (Q007273), Q007273.18.11.View source