Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎫𐎹𐎡𐏁𐎠𐎶
Attested in Old Persian

who

Lemma
haya/taya-
Transliteration
t-y-i-š-a-m
Transcription
tayai̯šām

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

Download audio
Haman-Ava rights

Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

Haman-Ava | Intelligent text reading system

This audio file was produced using Haman-Ava, the proprietary AI-based audio production system of Arya Haman Mehr Parseh Knowledge-Based Company.

Any use of this audio file requires prior coordination via the following email address:

info@parsiandej.ir

Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

TITUS data is used in this system for educational, research and non-commercial purposes with written permission from the TITUS project. Coordination with the company does not replace any permissions required from the rights holders of the original sources.

Inspect in converter Open converterBack to dictionary
Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for tayai̯šām; English gloss: who.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎫 ta Phonogram
  2. 𐎹 ya Phonogram
  3. 𐎡 i Phonogram
  4. 𐏁 ša Phonogram
  5. 𐎠 a Phonogram
  6. 𐎶 ma Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

3 occurrences
DPe · 3100% confidence

𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰<𐎡>𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎡/𐏁𐎠𐎶

: x-š-a-y-ϑ-<i>-y : d-h-y-u-n-a-m : t-y-i-/š-a-mToken span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSm · 6100% confidence

𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎡𐏁𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎲𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 𐏐]

: t-y-i-š-a-m : a-d-m : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-b-v-m : p-a-r-s :]Token span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XPh · 15100% confidence

𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎫𐎹𐎡𐏁𐎠𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐏃/𐎠𐎶

d-h-y-a-v : t-y-i-š-a-m : a-d-m : x-š-a-y-ϑ-i-y : a-h-/a-mToken span 3–3 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DPe (Q007161) · Q007161.3.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DPe (Q007161), Q007161.3.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPh (Q007216) · Q007216.15.3

Documented dictionary attestation in XPh (Q007216), Q007216.15.3.View source