Machine-generated and unreviewed
𐎻𐎡𐎿𐎶
Attested in Old Persian

full

Lemma
visa-
Transliteration
vi-i-s-m
Transcription
visam

Audio reading

3 readings

An approximate machine-generated reading based on the entry’s transcription; scholarly review is needed.

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Listening guide

This file is a synthetic, approximate reading of the Old Persian text. As you listen:

  • A chime and the phrase “This part is missing or unreadable”: this part of the inscription is lost or unreadable, and no definite reading is available.
  • The phrase “Possible reconstructed reading”: what follows is a proposed reading of a reconstructed section and is not certain.
  • Pauses between sections: these separate parts of the reading; the length of a pause does not indicate the number of missing words.

Historical pronunciation needs scholarly review. To understand the text’s meaning, read the translation provided on this page.

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Text source, rights and permission

The text used for this reading comes from the TITUS Old Persian corpus, part of the TITUS project at Goethe University Frankfurt. Rights to the original data, texts and sources belong to their respective rights holders and remain independent of the rights to Parsiandej’s own contributions.

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Reading and evidence

Evidence note

Documented Old Persian dictionary entry for visam; English gloss: full.

Writing system

Sign analysis

  1. 𐎻 vi Phonogram
  2. 𐎡 i Phonogram
  3. 𐎿 sa Phonogram
  4. 𐎶 ma Phonogram
Corpus connection

Attested uses in inscription lines

12 occurrences
DNa · 49100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐏃𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎤/𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎶

: a-v : vi-i-s-m : v-š-n-a : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-h-a : a-ku-/u-n-v-mToken span 4–4 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSf · 21100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠]𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎿[𐎶 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐏃 𐏐]

: a-d-m : a]-ku-u-n-v-m : vi-i-s-[m : v-š-n-a : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-h :]Token span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSi · 4100% confidence

𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏏𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 [𐏐 𐏊 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎲𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎶]

a-h-y-a-y-a BU-y-a : v-š-n-a [: AM-h : vi-i-s-m : n-i-b-m : a-ku-u-n-v-m]Token span 6–6 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSi · 4100% confidence

𐎠𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎹𐎠 𐏏𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 [𐏐 𐏊 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎲𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺𐎶]

a-h-y-a-y-a BU-y-a : v-š-n-a [: AM-h : vi-i-s-m : n-i-b-m : a-ku-u-n-v-m]Token span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSj · 2100% confidence

[𐎱𐎢𐏂] 𐏐 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠[𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏋 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺]/[𐎶

[p-u-ç] : h-x-a-m-n-i-š-i-y : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-[r-y-v-u-š XŠ : vi-i-s-m : t-y : a-d-m : a-ku-u-n-v]-/[mToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSj · 2100% confidence

[𐎱𐎢𐏂] 𐏐 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎰𐎠𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎭𐎠[𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 𐏋 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎺]/[𐎶

[p-u-ç] : h-x-a-m-n-i-š-i-y : ϑ-a-t-i-y : d-a-[r-y-v-u-š XŠ : vi-i-s-m : t-y : a-d-m : a-ku-u-n-v]-/[mToken span 10–10 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSj · 4100% confidence

𐏐 𐎶𐎠]𐎶 𐏐 𐏈 𐏐 𐎭𐎢𐏁𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢[𐎴𐎺𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺𐎶𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐎢𐎨𐎠𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐 𐎰𐎠]/[𐎫𐎡𐎹

: m-a]-m : AM : d-u-š-t-a : a-h : t-y : a-ku-u-[n-v-m : a-v-m-i-y : vi-i-s-m : u-c-a-r-m : a-h : ϑ-a]-/[t-i-yToken span 16–16 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
DSl · 5100% confidence

𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐎢𐎨𐎠𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐏃 𐏐

: vi-i-s-m : u-c-a-r-m : a-h :Token span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XPa · 16100% confidence

𐏐 𐎺𐎡𐎴𐎫𐎡𐎹 𐏐 𐎴𐎡𐎲𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠/𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐎠𐏃𐎠

: v-i-n-t-i-y : n-i-b-m : a-v : vi-i-s-m : v-š-n-a : a-/u-r-m-z-d-a-h-aToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XPb · 25100% confidence

𐏐 𐎠𐎱𐎫𐎼𐎶 𐏐 𐎣𐎼𐎫𐎶 𐏐 𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎻/𐎡𐎿𐎶

: a-p-t-r-m : k-r-t-m : a-v : vi-/i-s-mToken span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XPf · 42100% confidence

𐏐 𐎱𐎡𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎴𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎠𐎺 𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎿𐎶 𐏐

: p-i-t-a : a-ku-u-n-u-š : a-v : vi-i-s-m :Token span 8–8 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
XPh · 44100% confidence

𐏐 𐎻𐎡𐎿𐎶 𐏐 𐎺𐏁𐎴𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎢𐎼𐎶𐏀𐎭𐏃𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎤𐎢/𐎴𐎺𐎶

: vi-i-s-m : v-š-n-a : a-u-r-m-z-d-h-a : a-ku-u-/n-v-mToken span 2–2 · exact · Automatically linkedView line and context
Scholarly traceability

Citations and attestation locations

ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DB (Q007134) · Q007134.407.11

Documented dictionary attestation in DB (Q007134), Q007134.407.11.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DNa (Q007152) · Q007152.49.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DNa (Q007152), Q007152.49.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DPd (Q007160) · Q007160.14.5

Documented dictionary attestation in DPd (Q007160), Q007160.14.5.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSa (Q007167) · Q007167.5.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DSa (Q007167), Q007167.5.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSe (Q007171) · Q007171.50.13

Documented dictionary attestation in DSe (Q007171), Q007171.50.13.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSf (Q007172) · Q007172.21.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DSf (Q007172), Q007172.21.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSi (Q007174) · Q007174.4.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DSi (Q007174), Q007174.4.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSj (Q007175) · Q007175.2.12

Documented dictionary attestation in DSj (Q007175), Q007175.2.12.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSl (Q007177) · Q007177.5.3

Documented dictionary attestation in DSl (Q007177), Q007177.5.3.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

DSz (Q007187) · Q007187.2.7

Documented dictionary attestation in DSz (Q007187), Q007187.2.7.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPa (Q007209) · Q007209.16.9

Documented dictionary attestation in XPa (Q007209), Q007209.16.9.View source
ARIO: Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions onlineOpen Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) / ARIo

XPb (Q007210) · Q007210.25.7

Documented dictionary attestation in XPb (Q007210), Q007210.25.7.View source