Old Persian cuneiform dictionary

Explore words through their script, meaning, and evidence.

Each entry is a documented research record: cuneiform, transliteration, meaning, searchable forms, attested context, and licensed inscriptional imagery.

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๐ ๐Žฑ๐Žฟ๐Ž ๐Žบ ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žผ๐Žซ๐Žบ๐Žผ๐Žฎ๐Žก๐Žน ๐ ๐ƒ๐Žญ๐Ž  ๐ ๐Žฃ๐Ž ๐Žผ๐Ž  ๐ ๐Ž ๐๐Žก๐Žน๐Žบ ๐ ๐Žฑ๐Ž ๐Žผ๐Žฟ๐Žถ
Attested in Old PersianPhrase or text fragment

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: after ยท general of Darius I ยท (together) with ยท people ยท move ยท Persia

p-s-a-v : a-r-t-v-r-di-i-y : h-d-a : k-a-r-a : a-ลก-i-y-v : p-a-r-s-mOpen full entry
๐ ๐ƒ๐Žข๐Žบ ๐ ๐Žบ๐ƒ๐Žน๐€๐Žญ๐Ž ๐Žซ ๐ ๐ƒ๐Žน ๐ ๐Žฒ๐Žผ๐Žฎ๐Žก๐Žน ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žฅ๐Žข๐Žฒ๐Žซ๐Ž  ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žก๐ ๐
Attested in Old PersianPhrase or text fragment

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: that one ยท Yutiyian rebel ยท who ยท younger brother of Cambyses II ยท call onself ยท come, go

h-u-v : v-h-y-z-d-a-t : h-y : b-r-di-i-y : a-g-u-b-t-a : a-i-ลกOpen full entry
๐ ๐Žฑ๐Žฟ๐Ž ๐Žบ ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žญ๐Žถ ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žบ๐Žถ ๐ ๐Žบ๐ƒ๐Žน๐€๐Žญ๐Ž ๐Žซ๐Žถ ๐ ๐Žข๐Žซ๐Ž  ๐ ๐Žถ๐Žผ๐Žซ๐Žก๐Žน๐Ž  ๐
Attested in Old PersianPhrase or text fragment

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: after ยท I ยท that one ยท Yutiyian rebel ยท and ยท man

p-s-a-v : a-d-m : a-v-m : v-h-y-z-d-a-t-m : u-t-a : m-r-t-i-y-aOpen full entry
๐Žฐ๐Ž ๐Žซ๐Žก๐Žน ๐ ๐Žญ๐Ž ๐Žผ๐Žน๐Žบ๐Žข๐ ๐ ๐Žง๐๐Ž ๐Žน๐Žฐ๐Žก๐Žน ๐ ๐ƒ๐Žข๐Žบ ๐ ๐Žบ๐ƒ๐Žน๐€๐Žญ๐Ž ๐Žซ ๐ ๐ƒ๐Žน ๐ ๐Žฒ๐Žผ๐Žฎ๐Žก๐Žน
Attested in Old PersianPhrase or text fragment

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: say ยท Darius I, king of Persia ยท king ยท that one ยท Yutiyian rebel ยท who ยท younger brother of Cambyses II

ฯ‘-a-t-i-y : d-a-r-y-v-u-ลก : x-ลก-a-y-ฯ‘-i-y : h-u-v : v-h-y-z-d-a-t : h-y : b-r-di-i-yOpen full entry
๐ ๐Ž ๐Žฅ๐Žข๐Žฒ๐Žซ๐Ž  ๐ ๐ƒ๐Žข๐Žบ ๐ ๐Žฃ๐Ž ๐Žผ๐Žถ ๐ ๐Žณ๐Žผ๐Ž ๐Žก๐๐Žน ๐ ๐ƒ๐Žผ๐Žข๐Žบ๐Žซ๐Žก๐Žถ ๐ ๐Žป๐Žก๐Žบ๐Ž ๐Žด ๐
Attested in Old PersianPhrase or text fragment

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: call onself ยท that one ยท people ยท send ยท Arachosia ยท satrap of Arachosia

a-g-u-b-t-a : h-u-v : k-a-r-m : f-r-a-i-ลก-y : h-r-u-v-t-i-m : vi-i-v-a-nOpen full entry
๐ ๐Žฃ๐Žผ๐Žซ๐Žถ ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žบ๐Žฐ๐Ž  ๐ ๐Žฃ๐Ž ๐Žผ๐ƒ๐Žน๐Ž  ๐ ๐Žฐ๐Ž ๐Žฎ๐Žก๐Žน ๐ ๐Žถ๐Ž  ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žฑ๐Žฅ๐Žข๐Žญ๐Žน ๐ ๐Žน๐Žฎ๐Žก๐Žน ๐ ๐Žก๐Žถ๐Ž ๐Žถ ๐
Attested in Old PersianPhrase or text fragment

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: do ยท so ยท people ยท say ยท not ยท occlude ยท if ยท this (here)

k-r-t-m : a-v-ฯ‘-a : k-a-r-h-y-a : ฯ‘-a-di-i-y : m-a : a-p-g-u-d-y : y-di-i-y : i-m-a-mOpen full entry
๐Žญ๐Ž ๐Žผ๐Žน๐Žบ๐Žข๐ ๐ ๐‹ ๐ ๐Žบ๐€๐Žผ๐Žฃ ๐ ๐Žป๐Žก๐๐Žซ๐Ž ๐Žฟ๐Žฑ๐ƒ๐Žน๐Ž  ๐ ๐Žฑ๐Žข๐‚ ๐ ๐ƒ๐Žง๐Ž ๐Žถ๐Žด๐Žก๐๐Žก๐Žน
Attested in Old PersianPhrase or text fragment

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: Darius I, king of Persia ยท king ยท great ยท Hystaspes, father of Darius I ยท unknown (puรงa) ยท Achaemenid

d-a-r-y-v-u-ลก : Xล  : v-z-r-k : vi-i-ลก-t-a-s-p-h-y-a : p-u-รง : h-x-a-m-n-i-ลก-i-yOpen full entry
๐Ž ๐Žผ๐Žญ๐Žฟ๐Žซ๐Ž ๐Žด ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žฐ๐Žฅ๐Žก๐Žด ๐ ๐Žญ๐Ž ๐Žผ๐Žน๐Žบ๐ƒ๐Žข๐ ๐ ๐‹๐ƒ๐Žน๐Ž  ๐ ๐Žป๐Žก๐Žฐ๐Žก๐Žน๐Ž  ๐ ๐Žฃ๐Žผ๐Žซ
Attested in Old PersianPhrase or text fragment

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: window frame ยท of stone ยท Darius I, king of Persia ยท king ยท house ยท do

a-r-d-s-t-a-n : a-ฯ‘-g-i-n : d-a-r-y-v-h-u-ลก : Xล -h-y-a : vi-i-ฯ‘-i-y-a : k-r-tOpen full entry