Old Persian cuneiform dictionary

Explore words through their script, meaning, and evidence.

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๐ ๐Žฑ๐Žฟ๐Ž ๐Žบ ๐ ๐Žฃ๐Ž ๐Žผ ๐ ๐ƒ๐Žฝ๐Žข๐Žบ ๐ ๐ƒ๐Žท๐Žก๐‚๐Žก๐Žน ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žฒ๐Žบ ๐ ๐ƒ๐Žจ๐Ž  ๐ ๐Žฃ๐Žฒ๐Žข๐Žช๐Žก๐Žน๐Ž  ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žฒ๐Žก๐Žน ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žบ๐Žถ ๐
Attested in Old PersianPhrase or text fragment

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: after ยท people ยท entire ยท unknown (hamiรงiya) ยท be, become ยท unknown (hacฤ) ยท Cambyses II, king of Persia ยท to ยท that one

p-s-a-v : k-a-r : h-ru-u-v : h-mi-i-รง-i-y : a-b-v : h-c-a : k-b-u-ji-i-y-a : a-b-i-y : a-v-mOpen full entry
๐ ๐Žฑ๐Žฟ๐Ž ๐Žบ ๐ ๐Žฅ๐Žข๐Žถ๐Ž ๐Žซ ๐ ๐ƒ๐Žน ๐ ๐Žถ๐Žฆ๐Žข๐ ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žฎ๐Žก๐Žด๐Ž  ๐ ๐Žฃ๐Žฒ๐Žข๐Žช๐Žก๐Žน๐Žถ ๐ ๐Žข๐Žซ๐Ž  ๐ ๐Žฑ๐Ž ๐Žผ๐Žฟ๐Žถ ๐ ๐Žข๐Žซ๐Ž 
Attested in Old PersianPhrase or text fragment

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: after ยท magus, pretender to the throne ยท who ยท Magian/Magus ยท rob ยท Cambyses II, king of Persia ยท and ยท Persia ยท and

p-s-a-v : g-u-m-a-t : h-y : m-gu-u-ลก : a-di-i-n-a : k-b-u-ji-i-y-m : u-t-a : p-a-r-s-m : u-t-aOpen full entry
๐ ๐Žฑ๐Žซ๐Žก๐Žน๐Ž ๐Žบ๐ƒ๐Žน๐Žก๐Žน ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žข๐Žผ๐Žถ๐€๐Žญ๐Ž ๐Žถ๐Žก๐Žน ๐ ๐Žข๐Žฑ๐Žฟ๐Žซ๐Ž ๐Žถ ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žฒ๐Žผ ๐ ๐Žฒ๐Ž ๐Žฅ๐Žน๐Ž ๐Žญ๐Žก๐ ๐
Attested in Old PersianPhrase or text fragment

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: plead ยท Ahuramazdฤ ยท support ยท carry ยท 7th month

p-t-i-y-a-v-h-y-i-y : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-m-i-y : u-p-s-t-a-m : a-b-r : b-a-g-y-a-d-i-ลกOpen full entry
๐ ๐Ž ๐Žท๐Žก๐Žน ๐ ๐ƒ๐Žน ๐ ๐Žด๐Žฒ๐Žข๐Žด๐Žก๐Žซ๐ƒ๐Žน๐Ž  ๐ ๐Žฑ๐Žข๐‚ ๐ ๐Žฑ๐Žฟ๐Ž ๐Žบ ๐ ๐Žฃ๐Ž ๐Žผ ๐ ๐ƒ๐Žน ๐ ๐Žฒ๐Ž ๐Žฒ๐Žก๐Žฝ๐Žข๐Žป๐Žก๐Žน
Attested in Old PersianPhrase or text fragment

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: be ยท who ยท Nabonidus, king of Babylon ยท unknown (puรงa) ยท after ยท people ยท who ยท Babylonian

a-mi-i-y : h-y : n-b-u-n-i-t-h-y-a : p-u-รง : p-s-a-v : k-a-r : h-y : b-a-b-i-ru-u-vi-i-yOpen full entry
๐ ๐Žฃ๐Ž ๐Žผ ๐ ๐ƒ๐Žน ๐ ๐Žด๐Žฎ๐Žก๐Žซ๐Žฒ๐Žก๐Žผ๐ƒ๐Žน๐Ž  ๐ ๐Žซ๐Žก๐Žฅ๐Žผ๐Ž ๐Žถ ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žญ๐Ž ๐Žผ๐Žน ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žบ๐Žญ๐Ž  ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žก๐๐Žซ๐Žซ๐Ž  ๐ ๐Žข๐Žซ๐Ž  ๐
Attested in Old PersianPhrase or text fragment

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: people ยท who ยท Nidintu-Bel, Babylonian rebel, son of Ainaira ยท pointed ยท hold ยท there ยท set down ยท and

k-a-r : h-y : n-di-i-t-b-i-r-h-y-a : t-i-g-r-a-m : a-d-a-r-y : a-v-d-a : a-i-ลก-t-t-a : u-t-aOpen full entry
๐ ๐Ž ๐Žบ๐Žถ ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žญ๐Žถ ๐ ๐Žณ๐Žผ๐Ž ๐Žก๐๐Žน๐Žถ ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žผ๐Žท๐Žก๐Žด๐Žถ ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žบ๐Žฐ๐Ž ๐๐Žก๐Žน ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žฐ๐ƒ๐Žถ ๐ ๐Žฑ๐Žผ๐Žก๐Žฎ๐Žก๐Žน ๐ ๐Žฃ๐Ž ๐Žผ ๐
Attested in Old PersianPhrase or text fragment

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: that one ยท I ยท send ยท Armenia ยท so ยท speak ยท set off ยท people

a-v-m : a-d-m : f-r-a-i-ลก-y-m : a-r-mi-i-n-m : a-v-ฯ‘-a-ลก-i-y : a-ฯ‘-h-m : p-r-i-di-i-y : k-a-rOpen full entry
๐ ๐Žด๐Ž ๐Žถ๐Ž  ๐ ๐Žญ๐ƒ๐Žน๐Ž ๐Žข๐ ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žผ๐Žท๐Žก๐Žด๐Žก๐Žน๐Žก๐Žน ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žบ๐Žญ๐Ž  ๐ ๐ƒ๐Žถ๐Žผ๐Žด๐Žถ ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žค๐Žข๐Žด๐Žบ ๐
Attested in Old PersianPhrase or text fragment

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: name ยท land ยท Armenian ยท there ยท fight ยท do

n-a-m-a : d-h-y-a-u-ลก : a-r-mi-i-n-i-y-i-y : a-v-d-a : h-m-r-n-m : a-ku-u-n-vOpen full entry
๐ ๐Žช๐Žก๐Žน๐Žถ๐Žด๐Žถ ๐ ๐Žฑ๐Žซ๐Žก๐Žน ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žบ๐Žฐ๐Ž ๐๐Ž ๐Žถ ๐ ๐ƒ๐Žถ๐Žผ๐Žด๐Žถ ๐ ๐Žฃ๐Žผ๐Žซ๐Žถ ๐ ๐Žฑ๐Žฟ๐Ž ๐Žบ ๐ ๐Žบ๐Žข๐Žท๐Žก๐Žฟ
Attested in Old PersianPhrase or text fragment

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: last ยท to ยท so ยท fight ยท do ยท after ยท general of Darius I

ji-i-y-m-n-m : p-t-i-y : a-v-ฯ‘-a-ลก-a-m : h-m-r-n-m : k-r-t-m : p-s-a-v : v-u-mi-i-sOpen full entry
๐Žฒ๐Ž ๐Žฒ๐Žก๐Žผ๐Žข๐ ๐ ๐Ž ๐๐Žก๐Žน๐Žบ๐Žถ ๐ ๐Žถ๐Ž ๐Žญ๐Žถ ๐ ๐Žน๐Žฐ๐Ž  ๐ ๐Žถ๐Ž ๐Žญ๐Žถ ๐ ๐Žฑ๐Žผ๐Ž ๐Žผ๐Žฟ๐Žถ ๐ ๐Žค๐Žข๐Žฏ๐Žฝ๐Žข๐ ๐ ๐Žด๐Ž ๐Žถ ๐
Attested in Old PersianPhrase or text fragment

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: Babylon ยท move ยท Media ยท as ยท Media ยท arrive ยท Median city ยท name

b-a-b-i-r-u-ลก : a-ลก-i-y-v-m : m-a-d-m : y-ฯ‘-a : m-a-d-m : p-r-a-r-s-m : ku-u-du-ru-u-ลก : n-a-mOpen full entry
๐ ๐Ž ๐Žค๐Žข๐Žถ๐Ž  ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žข๐Žผ๐Žถ๐€๐Žญ๐Ž ๐Žถ๐Žก๐Žน ๐ ๐Žข๐Žฑ๐Žฟ๐Žซ๐Ž ๐Žถ ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žฒ๐Žผ ๐ ๐Žบ๐๐Žด๐Ž  ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žข๐Žผ๐Žถ๐€๐Žญ๐Ž ๐ƒ ๐ ๐Žฃ๐Ž ๐Žผ๐Žถ
Attested in Old PersianPhrase or text fragment

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: do ยท Ahuramazdฤ ยท support ยท carry ยท will ยท Ahuramazdฤ ยท people

a-ku-u-m-a : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-m-i-y : u-p-s-t-a-m : a-b-r : v-ลก-n-a : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-h : k-a-r-mOpen full entry
๐ ๐Ž ๐Žบ๐Žก๐Žด ๐ ๐Žฑ๐Žฟ๐Ž ๐Žบ๐๐Žก๐Žถ ๐ ๐ƒ๐Žฅ๐Žถ๐Žซ๐Ž ๐Žด๐Žก๐Žน ๐ ๐Žข๐€๐Žถ๐Žน๐Ž ๐Žฑ๐Žซ๐Žก๐Žน ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žค๐Žข๐Žด๐Žบ๐Žถ
Attested in Old PersianPhrase or text fragment

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: see ยท after ยท Ecbatana ยท (stake) planted upright? ยท do

a-v-i-n : p-s-a-v-ลก-i-m : h-g-m-t-a-n-i-y : u-z-m-y-a-p-t-i-y : a-ku-u-n-v-mOpen full entry
๐ ๐Žน๐Žฐ๐Ž  ๐ ๐ƒ๐Žข๐Žบ ๐ ๐Žฃ๐Ž ๐Žผ ๐ ๐Žฑ๐Žผ๐Ž ๐Žผ๐Žฟ ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žฒ๐Žก๐Žน ๐ ๐Žป๐๐Žซ๐Ž ๐Žฟ๐Žฑ๐Žถ
Attested in Old PersianPhrase or text fragment

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: as ยท that one ยท people ยท arrive ยท to ยท Hystaspes, father of Darius I

y-ฯ‘-a : h-u-v : k-a-r : p-r-a-r-s : a-b-i-y : vi-ลก-t-a-s-p-mOpen full entry
๐ ๐Žด๐Ž ๐Žถ ๐ ๐Žบ๐Žผ๐Žญ๐Žด๐Žถ ๐ ๐Žฑ๐Žผ๐Žฐ๐Žบ๐Žก๐Žน ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žบ๐Žญ๐Ž  ๐ ๐ƒ๐Žถ๐Žผ๐Žด๐Žถ ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žค๐Žข๐Žด๐Žข๐ ๐ ๐ƒ๐Žญ๐Ž  ๐
Attested in Old PersianPhrase or text fragment

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: name ยท place ยท Parthia ยท there ยท fight ยท do ยท (together) with

n-a-m : v-r-d-n-m : p-r-ฯ‘-v-i-y : a-v-d-a : h-m-r-n-m : a-ku-u-n-u-ลก : h-d-aOpen full entry
๐ ๐Žง๐๐Ž ๐Žน๐Žฐ๐Žก๐Žน ๐ ๐Žถ๐Žผ๐Žฆ๐Žข๐ ๐ ๐Žด๐Ž ๐Žถ๐Ž  ๐ ๐Žญ๐ƒ๐Žน๐Ž ๐Žข๐ ๐ ๐ƒ๐Žข๐Žบ๐Žถ๐Žก๐Žน ๐ ๐ƒ๐Žท๐Žก๐‚๐Žก๐Žน๐Ž  ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žฒ๐Žบ
Attested in Old PersianPhrase or text fragment

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: king ยท Margiana ยท name ยท land ยท that one ยท unknown (hamiรงiyฤ) ยท be, become

x-ลก-a-y-ฯ‘-i-y : m-r-gu-u-ลก : n-a-m-a : d-h-y-a-u-ลก : h-u-v-m-i-y : h-mi-i-รง-i-y-a : a-b-vOpen full entry
๐ ๐Žข๐Žฑ๐Žฟ๐Žซ๐Ž ๐Žถ ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žฒ๐Žผ ๐ ๐Žบ๐๐Žด๐Ž  ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žข๐Žผ๐Žถ๐€๐Žญ๐Ž ๐ƒ ๐ ๐Žฃ๐Ž ๐Žผ ๐ ๐ƒ๐Žน ๐ ๐Žถ๐Žด๐Ž  ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žบ๐Žถ ๐ ๐Žฃ๐Ž ๐Žผ๐Žถ
Attested in Old PersianPhrase or text fragment

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: support ยท carry ยท will ยท Ahuramazdฤ ยท people ยท who ยท me, mine ยท that one ยท people

u-p-s-t-a-m : a-b-r : v-ลก-n-a : a-u-r-m-z-d-a-h : k-a-r : h-y : m-n-a : a-v-m : k-a-r-mOpen full entry
๐ ๐Žฏ๐Žข๐Žป๐Žก๐Žซ๐Žก๐Žน๐Žถ ๐ ๐Žข๐Žญ๐Žฑ๐Žซ๐Žซ๐Ž  ๐ ๐Žฑ๐Ž ๐Žผ๐Žฟ๐Žก๐Žน ๐ ๐Žฃ๐Ž ๐Žผ๐ƒ๐Žน๐Ž  ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žบ๐Žฐ๐Ž 
Attested in Old PersianPhrase or text fragment

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: second ยท revolt ยท Persia ยท people ยท so

du-u-vi-i-t-i-y-m : u-d-p-t-t-a : p-a-r-s-i-y : k-a-r-h-y-a : a-v-ฯ‘-aOpen full entry
๐ ๐Ž ๐Žฐ๐ƒ ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žญ๐Žถ ๐ ๐Žฒ๐Žผ๐Žฎ๐Žก๐Žน ๐ ๐Ž ๐Žท๐Žก๐Žน ๐ ๐ƒ๐Žน ๐ ๐Žค๐Žข๐Žผ๐Žข๐ ๐ ๐Žฑ๐Žข๐‚ ๐ ๐Žฑ๐Žฟ๐Ž ๐Žบ
Attested in Old PersianPhrase or text fragment

Attested line fragment; literal gloss: speak ยท I ยท younger brother of Cambyses II ยท be ยท who ยท Cyrus II, king of Persia ยท unknown (puรงa) ยท after

a-ฯ‘-h : a-d-m : b-r-di-i-y : a-mi-i-y : h-y : ku-u-r-u-ลก : p-u-รง : p-s-a-vOpen full entry